[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
\u201cHayatta hi\u00e7bir \u015feyden korkmay\u0131n; yaln\u0131zca her \u015feyi anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u2026\u201d<\/em> diyerek ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n izinde kendini s\u00fcrekli \u00f6\u011frenmeye adayan Marie Curie; bilim tutkusunu, sabr\u0131n\u0131 ve merak\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftiren bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131yd\u0131. Bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yollar, yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemi de\u011fil, sonras\u0131n\u0131 da etkileyen bir mirasa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc alan ilk kad\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc iki farkl\u0131 bilim dal\u0131nda hak eden tek kad\u0131n \u00fcnvan\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 ta\u015f\u0131yor. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Marie Curie\u2019nin ya\u015fam\u0131na, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na ve radyoaktiviteye uzanan yolculu\u011funa dair merak edilen bilgileri derledik.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”1#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32486″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Manya Sklodowska, 7 Kas\u0131m 1867\u2019de Polonya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Var\u015fova\u2019da do\u011fdu. Anne ve babas\u0131, e\u011fitim tutkular\u0131yla gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta k\u00f6yden ba\u015fkente g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f \u00f6\u011fretmenlerdi. Annesini \u00e7ocuk ya\u015fta kaybeden Manya\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131, babas\u0131n\u0131n siyasi sebeplerle g\u00f6revden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla daha da zorla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. T\u00fcm bu zorluklara ra\u011fmen Manya, liseyi birincilikle bitirip alt\u0131n madalya ald\u0131.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”2#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32487″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Manya\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck arzusu bir \u00fcniversitede okumakt\u0131 fakat o y\u0131llarda Polonya\u2019da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenime eri\u015fimi yasakt\u0131. Bu nedenle gizli e\u011fitim veren \u201cU\u00e7an \u00dcniversite\u201dye kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ne var ki okumak i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli saklanmak ve \u015fehir i\u00e7inde oradan oraya yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmek bir s\u00fcre sonra onu yormaya ba\u015flad\u0131; i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e ger\u00e7ek bir \u00fcniversitenin sundu\u011fu imk\u00e2nlara kavu\u015fma iste\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine k\u0131z karde\u015fi Bronya ile bir plan yapt\u0131lar: Manya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p Bronya\u2019n\u0131n okumas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak, Bronya e\u011fitimini tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise onun \u00fcniversite masraflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenecekti.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”3#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32488″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Manya, \u00f6\u011fretmenlik yaparak y\u0131llarca Bronya\u2019y\u0131 destekledi. Bronya mezun olduktan sonra s\u0131ra ona geldi ve Manya, 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sorbonne \u00dcniversitesi Fen Fak\u00fcltesine kaydoldu. Var\u015fova\u2019daki \u201cManya\u201d, Frans\u0131zcadaki s\u00f6yleni\u015fiyle art\u0131k \u201cMarie\u201dydi. Yoksulluk i\u00e7inde okuyor, sobas\u0131z bir \u00e7at\u0131 kat\u0131nda derslerine sar\u0131l\u0131yordu. Yine de matematik, fizik, kimya ve astronomiyle yetinmeyip m\u00fczik ve \u015fiir derslerine de kat\u0131ld\u0131. Mezun olur olmaz fizikte master derecesi i\u00e7in girdi\u011fi s\u0131navda birinci olmas\u0131 da bu \u00e7aban\u0131n kan\u0131t\u0131yd\u0131. Durmad\u0131, bir y\u0131l sonra matematikte master \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”4#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32489″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Marie, laboratuvarda tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Pierre Curie ile ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flad\u0131. Pierre, elektrik ve manyetizma \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarla gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta dikkat \u00e7eken bir bilim insan\u0131yd\u0131. Bilime adad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131 nedeniyle kad\u0131nlara mesafeli olan Pierre\u2019in bu tavr\u0131, Marie ile tan\u0131\u015f\u0131nca de\u011fi\u015fti ve \u00e7ift 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda evlendi.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”5#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32490″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n E\u015fiyle birlikte radyoaktivite \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan Marie, Alman ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen ile Frans\u0131z fizik\u00e7i Henri Becquerel\u2019in bulgular\u0131n\u0131 temel alarak kendi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 derinle\u015ftirdi. 1898\u2019de Curie \u00e7ifti, yeni bir element ke\u015ffettiklerini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Marie, memleketine olan ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in bu elemente \u201cpolonyum\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n sonunda, ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015fifleri olan radyum elementini duyurdular. 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda Marie Curie, Pierre Curie ve Henri Becquerel, radyoaktivite alan\u0131ndaki katk\u0131lar\u0131yla Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019ne lay\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. B\u00f6ylece Marie, bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc alan ilk kad\u0131n olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”6#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32491″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n 1903\u2019te Nobel Fizik \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc Becquerel ile payla\u015fmalar\u0131, y\u0131llard\u0131r biriken ara\u015ft\u0131rma masraf\u0131 bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demelerine olanak sa\u011flad\u0131. Pierre Curie, Sorbonne \u00dcniversitesine profes\u00f6r olarak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131. 1906\u2019da Pierre, bir seminerden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p evine y\u00fcr\u00fcrken atl\u0131 bir araban\u0131n alt\u0131nda kald\u0131 ve olay yerinde ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi. Sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde kimi \u00e7evreler kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olsa da Pierre\u2019in bo\u015falan k\u00fcrs\u00fcs\u00fc Marie\u2019ye verildi. B\u00f6ylece o, Avrupa Bilimler Akademisinde ders veren ilk kad\u0131n oldu. 1908’de Sorbonne \u00dcniversitesinde profes\u00f6r oldu ve 1910’da radyoaktivite \u00fczerine temel tezini yay\u0131mland\u0131. Radyumu saf h\u00e2liyle elde etmeyi ba\u015farmas\u0131 ise, ona 1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda, bu kez kimya alan\u0131nda ikinci bir Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”7#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32492″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Curie\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, cerrahi m\u00fcdahalelerde kullan\u0131lacak X-ray cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda cephe gerisindeki askerlere h\u0131zl\u0131 te\u015fhis olana\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131nabilir r\u00f6ntgen cihazlar\u0131n\u0131 ambulanslara kurdu; hatta \u00e7o\u011fu zaman ambulans ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kendisi kulland\u0131. Radyoaktif maddelerin zararlar\u0131 o d\u00f6nemde iyi bilinmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in y\u0131llarca \u00f6nlemsiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde askerlerin r\u00f6ntgenini \u00e7ekmesi X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 maruziyetini art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1920\u2019lerden itibaren sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 4 Temmuz 1934\u2019te Fransa\u2019da hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. \u00d6l\u00fcm nedeni, y\u0131llarca i\u015fi gere\u011fi maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 radyasyon sonucu geli\u015fen aplastik pernisiy\u00f6z anemi olarak a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”8#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”32493″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Curie\u2019nin bilimsel miras\u0131, kendi ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak sonraki ku\u015faklara da uzand\u0131. K\u0131z\u0131 Ir\u00e8ne Joliot-Curie, yapay radyoaktivite \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla 1935\u2019te Nobel Kimya \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc ald\u0131. Marie Curie b\u00f6ylece bilimin yaln\u0131z bir d\u00f6nemini de\u011fil, gelece\u011fini de \u015fekillendiren bir \u00f6nc\u00fc olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u201cHayatta hi\u00e7bir \u015feyden korkmay\u0131n; yaln\u0131zca her \u015feyi anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u2026\u201d diyerek ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n izinde kendini s\u00fcrekli \u00f6\u011frenmeye adayan Marie Curie; bilim tutkusunu, sabr\u0131n\u0131 ve merak\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n merkezine yerle\u015ftiren bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131yd\u0131. Bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yollar, yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemi de\u011fil, sonras\u0131n\u0131 da etkileyen bir mirasa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc alan ilk kad\u0131n olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32485,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[60,4486,4487,4488,4489],"class_list":["post-32484","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-bilim","tag-marie-curie","tag-nobel","tag-nobel-odulu","tag-radyoaktivite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32484","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32484"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32484\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}