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Eflatunp\u0131nar Hitit Su An\u0131t\u0131\u2019n\u0131 hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc? Hititlerin suya verdi\u011fi kutsall\u0131k ve bereket anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan Konya\u2019daki bu alan, d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re hem bir an\u0131t hem de suyu toplay\u0131p d\u00fczenleyen bir \u00e7e\u015fit erken d\u00f6nem baraj sistemi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 3200 y\u0131ld\u0131r kesintisiz akan suyu, kurakl\u0131k e\u011filimlerine ra\u011fmen akmaya devam eder ve y\u0131l\u0131n her mevsiminde ziyaret\u00e7ilerini kar\u015f\u0131lar. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle Eflatunp\u0131nar, Hititlerin suyu kontrol etme ve kutsama konusundaki bilgisini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131yan nadir \u00f6rneklerden biridir. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, kendi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan bir teknikle olu\u015fturulan Eflatunp\u0131nar Hitit Su An\u0131t\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6zelliklerini derledik.<\/p>\n
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Eflatunp\u0131nar Hitit Su An\u0131t\u0131, M\u00d6 13. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011fine tarihlendirilir ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Kral IV. Tuthaliya D\u00f6nemi\u2019ne ait oldu\u011fu kabul edilmektedir. Konya\u2019ya yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 kilometre uzakl\u0131ktaki Bey\u015fehir\u2019in 22 kilometre kuzeyinde Sad\u0131khac\u0131 Mahallesi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda bulunan yap\u0131, Hititlerin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan a\u00e7\u0131k hava an\u0131tlar\u0131ndan biridir. An\u0131t\u0131 di\u011fer Hitit \u00f6rneklerinden ay\u0131ran en belirgin \u00f6zellik, Bey\u015fehir G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019ne ula\u015fan Eflatunp\u0131nar Deresi\u2019nin kayna\u011f\u0131na yak\u0131n bir noktada in\u015fa edilmi\u015f kutsal havuz ile do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Hititler, Hint-Avrupal\u0131 bir topluluk olarak M\u00d6 3000\u2019lerin sonlar\u0131nda Anadolu\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f ve b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan Hatti halk\u0131yla uzun s\u00fcre ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyay\u0131 payla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkile\u015fim, Hitit sanat\u0131nda ve din\u00ee uygulamalar\u0131nda Hatti etkisinin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fkenti Hattu\u015fa (Bo\u011fazkale) olan Hitit Devleti, M\u00d6 1650-1200 aras\u0131nda Anadolu\u2019da varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve yerle\u015fik topluluklar\u0131n inan\u00e7 sistemlerini kendi yap\u0131s\u0131na d\u00e2hil etmi\u015ftir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, Hititlerin su k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015ftirmesine ve Eflatunp\u0131nar gibi kutsal alanlar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Anadolu\u2019da Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuran Hititler, su kaynaklar\u0131na verdikleri \u00f6nem ile dikkat \u00e7eker. Tar\u0131m toplumu olarak su, onlar\u0131n hayat\u0131nda sadece tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim i\u00e7in de\u011fil, inan\u00e7 ve toplumsal d\u00fczen a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da vazge\u00e7ilmezdi. Temizlik, suyun kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temel ko\u015fullar\u0131ndand\u0131; rit\u00fcellerde kullan\u0131lan suyun kesinlikle pislikten uzak olmas\u0131 gerekirdi. D\u00f6nemin s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen salg\u0131nlar\u0131, suyun de\u011ferini daha da art\u0131r\u0131yordu. Bu nedenle Hititler, devlet s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki su kaynaklar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem verirdi.<\/p>\n
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Hititler, da\u011flardan veya yer alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan sular\u0131 kutsal kabul etmi\u015f, bu su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 rit\u00fcellerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutsal alanlar olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Ar\u0131nma, do\u011fum, \u00f6l\u00fcm ve dua gibi bir\u00e7ok rit\u00fcel suyla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin su ordali, su\u00e7lulu\u011fu veya masumiyeti belirlemek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bir testti; ki\u015fi, belirli bir suya girerek veya sudaki bir nesneyi tutarak tanr\u0131sal bir m\u00fcdahalenin sonucuna g\u00f6re su\u00e7lu veya masum kabul edilirdi. Bu uygulama, suyun kutsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve toplumsal i\u015flevinin somut bir g\u00f6stergesiydi.<\/p>\n
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Eflatunp\u0131nar An\u0131t\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en dikkat \u00e7ekici b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc kuzey duvar\u0131d\u0131r. Kesme ta\u015f bloklardan olu\u015fan bu duvarda kabartmalar yer al\u0131r. Merkez fig\u00fcrler G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ve F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 granit ta\u015flar\u0131n \u00fczerine vurdu\u011funda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan eflatun renk, an\u0131t\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 olabilir. Arkeolojik kaz\u0131larda ele ge\u00e7en ba\u015fs\u0131z bo\u011fa heykelleri ve pi\u015fmi\u015f toprak tabaklar, burada uzun y\u0131llar s\u00fcren rit\u00fcellerin kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca an\u0131t\u0131 besleyen havuzda baz\u0131 tatl\u0131 su bal\u0131klar\u0131 ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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1842 y\u0131l\u0131nda Jeolog William John Hamilton taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilen an\u0131t\u0131n Hititlerle olan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 seyyah Charles Texier ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u0130zleyen y\u0131llarda Hans Gustav G\u00fcterbock, Kurt Bittel, Rudolf Naumann, Volkert Haas, Emmanuel Laroche ve James Mellaart gibi bilim insanlar\u0131, Eflatunp\u0131nar \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f ve Hititlerin su teknolojisi ile rit\u00fcel uygulamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda de\u011ferli bilgiler sunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
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Akan sular\u0131n merkez\u00ee havuz sistemiyle toplanarak gerekti\u011finde tasarruflu bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 nadir su sistemlerinden biri olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Ge\u00e7ici Listesi\u2019ne d\u00e2hil edilmi\u015ftir. An\u0131t, Hititlerden g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar i\u015flevini kaybetmeden ayakta kalabilmi\u015f en iyi \u00f6rneklerden biridir ve d\u00f6nemin su tesisat\u0131 ve teknolojisi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Eflatunp\u0131nar Hitit Su An\u0131t\u0131\u2019n\u0131 hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc? Hititlerin suya verdi\u011fi kutsall\u0131k ve bereket anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan Konya\u2019daki bu alan, d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re hem bir an\u0131t hem de suyu toplay\u0131p d\u00fczenleyen bir \u00e7e\u015fit erken d\u00f6nem baraj sistemi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 3200 y\u0131ld\u0131r kesintisiz akan suyu, kurakl\u0131k e\u011filimlerine ra\u011fmen akmaya devam eder ve y\u0131l\u0131n her mevsiminde ziyaret\u00e7ilerini kar\u015f\u0131lar. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32429,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[4440,4441,1525,2320],"class_list":["post-32428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rota-doga","tag-eflatunpinar","tag-eflatunpinar-hitit-su-aniti","tag-hititler","tag-konya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32428"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32428\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}