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Yemeni, \u00fclkemizin baz\u0131 y\u00f6relerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na ba\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131, kal\u0131pla bas\u0131l\u0131p elle boyanan geleneksel yazmay\u0131 ifade eder. Peki, ayn\u0131 kelimenin kimi b\u00f6lgelerde tamamen elde dikilen, \u00f6k\u00e7esiz ve hafif bir t\u00fcr ayakkab\u0131 anlam\u0131na da geldi\u011fini duymu\u015f muydunuz? Anadolu\u2019nun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginli\u011fini yans\u0131tan bu iki ayr\u0131 tan\u0131m, ayn\u0131 zamanda ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131nan el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ve zarafetin de birer simgesi. Tarih, gelenek ve zanaat\u0131n birle\u015fiminden do\u011fan, h\u00e2l\u00e2 ustalar\u0131n ellerinde hayat bulan, ya\u015fayan bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131 olan yemeni ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6zelliklerini sizin i\u00e7in derledik.<\/p>\n
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Yakla\u015f\u0131k 650-700 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip yemenicili\u011fin tarihi Yemenli Yemin-i Ekber\u2019e dayan\u0131r. Ad\u0131n\u0131 ustas\u0131n\u0131n maharetli ellerinden alan yemenicilik, Yemen\u2019den Halep\u2019e, oradan da Anadolu\u2019nun d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na yay\u0131l\u0131r ve zaman i\u00e7inde bir meslek grubunun do\u011fmas\u0131na neden olur. Bu zanaat\u0131n ustalar\u0131na \u201cyemenici\u201d denildi\u011fi gibi, halk aras\u0131nda ayakkab\u0131 tamircisi anlam\u0131na da gelen \u201ck\u00f6\u015fker\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Hem halk aras\u0131nda hem de Osmanl\u0131 saray \u00e7evresinde ra\u011fbet g\u00f6ren yemenicilik, Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde sadece bir zanaat de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda toplumsal ve ekonomik yap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Esnaf ve zanaatk\u00e2rlar\u0131n bir araya gelerek g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar olan loncalarda usta-\u00e7\u0131rak ili\u015fkisiyle geli\u015ftirilen bu meslek, geleneksel ayakkab\u0131 \u00fcretiminin ku\u015faklar boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
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Do\u011fal yap\u0131s\u0131 sayesinde hava ge\u00e7irir ve aya\u011f\u0131 terletmez, bu da mantar ve nas\u0131r olu\u015fumunu \u00f6nler. \u00dcst ve alt taban aras\u0131ndaki kil tabakas\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc kokuyu engeller ve rahatl\u0131k sa\u011flar. Yemeni, dayan\u0131kl\u0131 taban\u0131 ve esnek y\u00fcz k\u0131sm\u0131yla aya\u011f\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131r ve uzun s\u00fcre rahat kullan\u0131m sunar. Bu \u00f6zellikleriyle yemeniler, \u00f6zellikle s\u0131cak iklimlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ve askerler taraf\u0131ndan tercih edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
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Yemeniler plastik veya sentetik malzeme kullan\u0131lmadan, tamamen elle dikilir. \u0130pli\u011fi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmesin diye mumlanm\u0131\u015f pamuk ipli\u011fi tercih edilir. \u00d6nce ters dikilir, sonra d\u00fcz \u00e7evrilip kal\u0131plan\u0131r ve kenarlar\u0131 dikilerek tamamlan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r olur. Yemeniler \u015fekil, renk ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 isimler al\u0131r. \u201cHalebi\u201d modeli, k\u00f6ylerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r; burnu k\u0131vr\u0131k, kula\u011f\u0131 uzun ve renkleri genellikle mor veya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cMerkup\u201d modeli ise k\u0131sa y\u00fczl\u00fc, kulaks\u0131z ve yuvarlak burunludur; genellikle \u015fehirde tercih edilir ve siyah, mor, g\u00fcl gibi renkleri vard\u0131r. \u201cE\u011fri simli\u201d modelin ucu yukar\u0131 k\u0131vr\u0131kt\u0131r, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f tellerle s\u00fcslenir ve genelde kad\u0131nlar, \u00f6zellikle k\u00f6ylerde gelinler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Yemeni yap\u0131m\u0131, incelikli el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ve y\u0131llar\u0131n deneyimini gerektiren bir zanaatt\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcrecin her a\u015famas\u0131nda farkl\u0131 el aletleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve her biri, ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ne denli titizlikle icra edildi\u011fini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serer. \u00c7eki\u00e7, k\u00f6sele ve deriyi d\u00fczle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ba\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 demirden, sap\u0131 ise tahta olan sa\u011flam bir alettir. \u00d6rs, \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kal\u0131p \u015feklindedir ve \u00e7ivilerin \u00e7ak\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda alttan destek sa\u011flar. Kal\u0131p \u00e7ekece\u011fi, yemeni kal\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 forma sokmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Masat, demirden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup yemeni b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131 hem temizler hem de bileyerek onlar\u0131 keskin ve i\u015flevsel h\u00e2le getirir. Kerpeten, yanl\u0131\u015f \u00e7ak\u0131lan \u00e7ivileri ve benzeri par\u00e7alar\u0131 yemeniden \u00e7\u0131karmaya yarayan, iki taraf\u0131 kesici makas bi\u00e7iminde tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir alettir. Di\u015fli ise derinin kal\u0131ba ge\u00e7irilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken; biz, ince sapl\u0131 ve sivri u\u00e7lu yap\u0131s\u0131yla dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda delik a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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1964 Gaziantep do\u011fumlu Mehmet Orhan \u00c7ak\u0131ro\u011flu, ailesinden devrald\u0131\u011f\u0131 110 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n yemenicilik gelene\u011finin 4. ku\u015fak ustas\u0131d\u0131r. Ata mesle\u011fini babas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131yla tescil ettirerek \u201cYemenici Hayri Usta\u201d markas\u0131yla s\u00fcrd\u00fcren usta, \u00e7\u0131raklar yeti\u015ftirerek bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. \u201cAmac\u0131m\u0131z mesle\u011fi ya\u015fatmak ve bu de\u011feri herkese sevdirmek.\u201d diyen \u00c7ak\u0131ro\u011flu\u2019nu ve ustal\u0131kla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yemenileri videoda izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Yemeni, \u00fclkemizin baz\u0131 y\u00f6relerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na ba\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131, kal\u0131pla bas\u0131l\u0131p elle boyanan geleneksel yazmay\u0131 ifade eder. Peki, ayn\u0131 kelimenin kimi b\u00f6lgelerde tamamen elde dikilen, \u00f6k\u00e7esiz ve hafif bir t\u00fcr ayakkab\u0131 anlam\u0131na da geldi\u011fini duymu\u015f muydunuz? Anadolu\u2019nun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginli\u011fini yans\u0131tan bu iki ayr\u0131 tan\u0131m, ayn\u0131 zamanda ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131nan el i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ve zarafetin de birer simgesi. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1902,3976,4510,4511],"class_list":["post-32178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-el-isciligi","tag-usta","tag-yemeni","tag-yemeni-ayakkabilari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32178"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32178\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}