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Galata Kulesi yaln\u0131zca mimari bir yap\u0131 de\u011fil; imparatorluklar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fine ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne, seferlere, yang\u0131nlara ve \u015fehirde ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere sessizce tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden bir an\u0131tt\u0131r. \u0130lk temellerinin ne zaman at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak bilinmese de y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca farkl\u0131 medeniyetler taraf\u0131ndan sahiplenilen bu kule, her d\u00f6nemde farkl\u0131 bir anlam kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki, as\u0131rlar boyunca \u0130stanbul\u2019un de\u011fi\u015fen sil\u00fcetine tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden Galata Kulesi’nin bu denli merkez\u00ee bir sembol h\u00e2line gelmesinin ard\u0131nda hangi tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler yat\u0131yor? Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Galata Kulesi\u2019nin tarih sahnesindeki yolculu\u011funu ve \u015fehirle kurdu\u011fu e\u015fsiz ba\u011f\u0131 ke\u015ffedece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
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MS 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Hun ve Bulgar ak\u0131nlar\u0131yla kuzeyden tehdit alt\u0131ndayken, Galata (o d\u00f6nemdeki ad\u0131yla Sykai) b\u00f6lgesine, Bo\u011faz\u2019daki tehlikeleri izlemek ve haberle\u015fmeyi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir g\u00f6zlem ve i\u015faret kulesi in\u015fa edilir.<\/p>\n
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1300\u2019lerde siyasi \u00e7eki\u015fmeler sonucu Galata\u2019y\u0131 (Pera) ele ge\u00e7iren Cenevizliler, b\u00f6lgeyi surlarla \u00e7evreleyip bir koloniye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu savunma hatt\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli yap\u0131s\u0131 olarak, 1348 y\u0131l\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Galata Kulesi in\u015fa edilir. Eski Bizans kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yerine y\u00fckselen ta\u015f kuleye, tepesine yerle\u015ftirilen ha\u00e7 nedeniyle \u201cChristea Turris\u201d (\u0130sa\u2019n\u0131n Kulesi) ad\u0131 verilir. Bu ad, kulenin sadece asker\u00ee de\u011fil, din\u00ee bir simge olarak da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir. Hem Hali\u00e7\u2019i hem Bo\u011faz\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rebilen kule, Galata\u2019daki Ceneviz varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sembol\u00fc h\u00e2line gelir.<\/p>\n
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1453\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019un Osmanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan fethedilmesinden sonra Galata Kulesi farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r. Ancak 1509\u2019daki b\u00fcy\u00fck deprem, yani \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck K\u0131yamet\u201d, kuleye ciddi zarar verir. Bunun \u00fczerine, II. Bayezid\u2019in ba\u015fmimar\u0131 Murad bin Hayrettin g\u00f6zetiminde kule, 13,20 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011finden itibaren yeniden in\u015fa edilir.<\/p>\n
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1609 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan Hez\u00e2rfen Ahmed \u00c7elebi\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck hayali, insan\u0131n u\u00e7abilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlamakt\u0131r. Bu ama\u00e7la ku\u015flar\u0131 inceler, hava ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemler ve kendi \u201ckartal kanatlar\u0131n\u0131\u201d tasarlar. 1632 y\u0131l\u0131nda lodoslu bir havada kanat benzeri bir ara\u00e7 kullanarak Galata Kulesi\u2019nden havalan\u0131p yakla\u015f\u0131k 3358 metre boyunca Bo\u011faz\u2019da u\u00e7arak \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019daki Do\u011fanc\u0131lar Meydan\u0131\u2019na iner. IV. Murad bu ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bir kese alt\u0131nla \u00f6d\u00fcllendirir. Bu ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc u\u00e7u\u015f, Evliya \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Seyahatname\u2019sinin birinci cildinde detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde yaz\u0131l\u0131r ve y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ger\u00e7ek ile efsane aras\u0131nda ilham verici bir hik\u00e2ye olarak anlat\u0131lmaya devam eder.<\/p>\n
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Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman zaman\u0131nda zindan olarak hizmet veren kule, II. Selim D\u00f6nemi\u2019ndeki yang\u0131nlar sonras\u0131 onar\u0131l\u0131r, III. Murat D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde g\u00f6zlemevine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. 1717 y\u0131l\u0131nda yang\u0131nlara kar\u015f\u0131 kulede \u201ck\u00f6s\u201d \u00e7al\u0131narak haber verme sistemi kurulur. 1831 yang\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Galata Kulesi, II. Mahmud D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde \u00f6nemli bir yenileme ge\u00e7irir ve Cumhuriyet D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde yang\u0131n g\u00f6zetleme ve Deniz Kuvvetlerinin haberle\u015fme postas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Galata Kulesi, UNESCO taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Ge\u00e7ici Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131n\u0131r. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen restorasyon ve d\u00fczenlemelerle kule, m\u00fczeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve \u0130stanbul\u2019un Kurtulu\u015fu\u2019nun y\u0131l d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc olan 6 Ekim 2020\u2019de yeniden a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. M\u00fczeKart ile ziyaret edilebilen Galata Kulesi’nin b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici manzaras\u0131 ve tarihine dair daha fazlas\u0131 i\u00e7in videomuzu izlemeyi unutmay\u0131n![\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Galata Kulesi yaln\u0131zca mimari bir yap\u0131 de\u011fil; imparatorluklar\u0131n y\u00fckseli\u015fine ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne, seferlere, yang\u0131nlara ve \u015fehirde ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlere sessizce tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden bir an\u0131tt\u0131r. \u0130lk temellerinin ne zaman at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak bilinmese de y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca farkl\u0131 medeniyetler taraf\u0131ndan sahiplenilen bu kule, her d\u00f6nemde farkl\u0131 bir anlam kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Peki, as\u0131rlar boyunca \u0130stanbul\u2019un de\u011fi\u015fen sil\u00fcetine tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1205,356,3559,602],"class_list":["post-31019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-galata-kulesi","tag-istanbul","tag-sembol","tag-tarihi-yapi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31019","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=31019"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31019\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=31019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=31019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=31019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}