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Ayd\u0131n, \u0130zmir, Manisa, Afyon ve U\u015fak illerinden ge\u00e7en B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes Nehirleri, binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r bereketli sular\u0131yla b\u00f6lge topraklar\u0131n\u0131 besleyerek pek \u00e7ok medeniyetin ve \u015fehrin kurulmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fehirlerde do\u011fan fikirler, felsefeler, sanat eserleri ve bilimsel geli\u015fmeler tarihe iz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nehri olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Menderes, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli bir sulama ve tar\u0131m kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u0130zmir\u2019in \u00d6demi\u015f il\u00e7esinden do\u011fup Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n Sel\u00e7uk il\u00e7esi k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndan denize d\u00f6k\u00fclen K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes ile birlikte yaln\u0131zca \u00fclkemize de\u011fil, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras kazand\u0131ran devletlerin ve \u015fehirlerin do\u011fu\u015funda etkili olmu\u015ftur. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, Menderes Havzas\u0131\u2019nda hayat bulan tarih\u00ee de\u011ferlerimizi listeledik.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Menderes Magnesias\u0131 ” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30768″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Ayd\u0131n\u2019da, Menderes Nehri k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Menderes Magnesias\u0131, Antik D\u00f6nem\u2019de Lidya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 topraklar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f \u00f6nemli bir yerle\u015fim yeridir. Tarihi M\u00d6. 12. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar uzanan Magnesia, Helenistik D\u00f6nem\u2019de (M\u00d6. 330 \u2013 M\u00d6. 30) b\u00fcy\u00fck bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015f; \u00f6nemli bir ticaret ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. \u00c7e\u015fitli medeniyetlerin etkisi alt\u0131nda kalan ve farkl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel unsurlar\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran antik kentteki tiyatro, stadyum, agora ve tap\u0131nak gibi yap\u0131lar, antik \u00e7a\u011flardaki sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayata dair \u00f6nemli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 vermektedir.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Sardes Antik Kenti” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30769″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Sardes, Manisa\u2019n\u0131n Salihli il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 Sart kasabas\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda yer alan, Lidya medeniyetine ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f antik bir kenttir. M\u00d6. 13. y\u00fczy\u0131lda kurulmu\u015f, MS. 12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Roma ve Bizans D\u00f6nemleri\u2019nde de \u00f6nemli bir yerle\u015fim merkezi olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Tar\u0131m, hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k, ticaret ve \u00f6zellikle alt\u0131n madencili\u011fi sayesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zenginli\u011fe ula\u015fan Sardes, M\u00d6. 7. ve 6. y\u00fczy\u0131llar aras\u0131nda dikkat \u00e7ekici bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Para, sanat, m\u00fczik, felsefe, astronomi, co\u011frafya ve heykelcilik gibi bir\u00e7ok alan bu topraklarda geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Sardes; Pers D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde satrapl\u0131k (valilik) merkezi, Roma D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde eyalet merkezi, Bizans D\u00f6nemi\u2019nde ise yerel idare merkezi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle birlikte, Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son d\u00f6nemlerinde \u00f6nemini yitirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Alinda Antik Kenti ” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30770″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Etraf\u0131 surlarla \u00e7evrili Alinda Antik Kenti, b\u00f6lgedeki granit ta\u015flarla in\u015fa edilmi\u015f \u00f6nemli mimari eserlere sahiptir. Sur duvarlar\u0131, kuleler ve su kemerleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde korunmu\u015f olup g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alinda\u2019da en dikkat \u00e7eken yap\u0131, genellikle antik kentlerde y\u00fcksek bir tepe \u00fczerine kurulan ve din\u00ee ya da savunma ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan akropol alan\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eehrin en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131nda yer alan bu alan, \u00e7e\u015fitli yap\u0131 ve tap\u0131naklar\u0131 da i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Akropol\u00fcn g\u00fcneybat\u0131 s\u0131rtlar\u0131nda, do\u011fal e\u011fime uyumlu olarak yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck bir amfi tiyatro bulunur. Helenistik D\u00f6nem\u2019e ait \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131yan bu tiyatronun sahne binas\u0131 tamamen y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa da Alinda\u2019daki tap\u0131naklar, \u00e7evredeki evlerin aras\u0131nda konumlanan lahitler ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da granit yap\u0131 ile kent, g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye de\u011fer antik yerle\u015fimler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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\u0130zmir\u2019in \u00d6demi\u015f il\u00e7esindeki Birgi k\u00f6y\u00fc, s\u0131ras\u0131yla Frigler, Lidyal\u0131lar, Ahameni\u015f \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Pergamon Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun egemenli\u011finde kalm\u0131\u015f; MS. 13. ve 14. y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ise Ayd\u0131no\u011fullar\u0131 Beyli\u011fi\u2019ne ba\u015fkentlik yapm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir yerle\u015fim yeridir. 1426 y\u0131l\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131 topraklar\u0131na kat\u0131lan Birgi, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler D\u00fcnya Turizm \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (UNWTO) taraf\u0131ndan 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201cEn \u0130yi Turizm K\u00f6yleri\u201d listesine al\u0131narak, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iyi 32 turistik k\u00f6y\u00fc aras\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarihi M\u00d6. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llara uzanan Birgi, 700 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir korudu\u011fu g\u00f6z al\u0131c\u0131 mimari dokusuyla dikkat \u00e7eker. Ah\u015fap pencereli ta\u015f konaklar\u0131, y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7\u0131nar a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131, tarih\u00ee hamamlar\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fmeleri ve dar sokaklar\u0131yla Birgi K\u00f6y\u00fc, Menderes Havzas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en de\u011ferli k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miraslar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Afrodisias Antik Kenti ” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30772″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Tarihi M\u00d6. 5000\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar uzanan, Ayd\u0131n\u2019\u0131n Karacasu il\u00e7esindeki Afrodisias Antik Kenti, M\u00d6. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u00f6y iken, M\u00d6. 2. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Menderes Vadisi\u2019ndeki yo\u011fun \u015fehirle\u015fme s\u00fcreciyle birlikte kent devleti stat\u00fcs\u00fcne kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Roma \u0130mparatoru Augustus\u2019un \u201cT\u00fcm Asya\u2019dan kendime bu kenti se\u00e7tim.\u201d s\u00f6zleriyle koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nan Afrodisias\u2019a, vergi muafiyeti ve \u00f6zerklik gibi \u00f6nemli ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tarihten sonra h\u0131zla geli\u015fen kent, Akdeniz d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fcn kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kent merkezine yak\u0131n mermer ocaklar\u0131 sayesinde, heykel sanat\u0131nda y\u00fcksek kaliteli \u00fcretimin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir merkez h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. Afrodisias, d\u00f6nemin mermer i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi ve mimarisinin t\u00fcm y\u00f6nleriyle ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve geli\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan ba\u015fl\u0131ca antik yerle\u015fimlerden biri olmu\u015ftur. Afrodisias Antik Kenti, yakla\u015f\u0131k 2-3 kilometre kuzeydo\u011fusunda yer alan antik mermer ocaklar\u0131yla birlikte 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Stratonikeia Antik Kenti” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30773″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Mu\u011fla\u2019n\u0131n Yata\u011fan il\u00e7esinin bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Stratonikeia Antik Kenti, M\u00d6. 3. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, Anadolu\u2019nun yerli halklar\u0131ndan Karyal\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kurulmu\u015ftur. S\u0131ras\u0131yla Helen, Roma, Bizans, Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorluklar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n egemenli\u011finde kalan bu antik kentte, 2500 y\u0131ld\u0131r kesintisiz yerle\u015fim devam etmektedir. Kentte farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlere ait bir\u00e7ok yap\u0131 bir arada bulunmaktad\u0131r: Erikli, \u0130sa ve Mikail Kiliseleri, Osmanl\u0131 D\u00f6nemi\u2019nden \u015eaban A\u011fa Camii, Osmanl\u0131 \u00c7e\u015fmesi, A\u011fa Konaklar\u0131, tarih\u00ee meydan\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen sokaklardaki d\u00fckk\u00e2nlar, 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fme ve ta\u015f evler, bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 yan yana durmaktad\u0131r. Bir zamanlar gladyat\u00f6r d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015flerine sahne olan, sonralar\u0131 g\u00fcre\u015f, bo\u011fa g\u00fcre\u015fi, yar\u0131\u015flar ve oyunlar\u0131n d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi Anadolu\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck arenas\u0131 da Stratonikeia topraklar\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Gymnasium ve yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki gladyat\u00f6r mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise Stratonikeia\u2019da \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gladyat\u00f6r okulu oldu\u011funu ve b\u00f6lgeden Truva\u2019n\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc kahraman\u0131 Akhilleus (A\u015fil) gibi \u00e7ok \u00fcnl\u00fc gladyat\u00f6rlerin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Ayd\u0131n, \u0130zmir, Manisa, Afyon ve U\u015fak illerinden ge\u00e7en B\u00fcy\u00fck ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes Nehirleri, binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r bereketli sular\u0131yla b\u00f6lge topraklar\u0131n\u0131 besleyerek pek \u00e7ok medeniyetin ve \u015fehrin kurulmas\u0131na zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u015fehirlerde do\u011fan fikirler, felsefeler, sanat eserleri ve bilimsel geli\u015fmeler tarihe iz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck nehri olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Menderes, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6nemli bir […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[3291,3292,3293,3294,3295],"class_list":["post-30766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-buyuk-menderes","tag-kucuk-menderes","tag-menderes","tag-menderes-havzasi","tag-menderes-nehirleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30766"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30766\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}