[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n
Okyanuslar\u0131n ne\u015feli ve zeki sakinleri olan yunuslar; sosyal yap\u0131lar\u0131, geli\u015fmi\u015f ileti\u015fim becerileri ve karma\u015f\u0131k avlanma stratejileriyle hayvanlar \u00e2leminin en \u00e7ok ilgi \u00e7eken t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Di\u015fli balinalar tak\u0131m\u0131na ait olan yunuslar, genellikle s\u00fcr\u00fcler h\u00e2linde ya\u015far ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 denizlerinde, hatta baz\u0131 tatl\u0131 su b\u00f6lgelerinde bile g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Baz\u0131 yunus t\u00fcrleri akrobatik s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcyken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 devasa boyutlarla \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k uyand\u0131r\u0131r. Okyanuslar\u0131n engin derinliklerinden tatl\u0131 su nehirlerine kadar pek \u00e7ok habitatta ya\u015fayabilen yunus t\u00fcrlerini ve onlar\u0131 e\u015fsiz k\u0131lan \u00f6zelliklerini yaz\u0131m\u0131zda listeledik.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Orka” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30678″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Yunus ailesinin en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcyesi olan orkalar, nam\u0131di\u011fer \u201ckatil balinalar\u201d, yaln\u0131zca bu t\u00fcre \u00f6zg\u00fc siyah-beyaz desenleri ve devasa s\u0131rt y\u00fczge\u00e7leriyle tan\u0131n\u0131r. Ortalama 8 metre uzunlu\u011fa ve 6 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fabilen orkalar\u0131n bu desenleri, yukar\u0131dan ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kamuflaj i\u015flevi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Su y\u00fczeyine yak\u0131n y\u00fczd\u00fcklerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnen s\u0131rt y\u00fczge\u00e7leri, \u00f6zellikle erkek orkalarda 2 metreyi bulabilir; bu da ortalama bir insan boyundan daha fazlad\u0131r. Orkalar, t\u00fcm deniz memelileri aras\u0131nda isperme\u00e7et balinas\u0131ndan sonra ikinci en b\u00fcy\u00fck beyne sahip t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Son derece zeki olan bu canl\u0131lar, karma\u015f\u0131k bir sosyal yap\u0131 i\u00e7inde ya\u015farlar. S\u00fcr\u00fcleri di\u015filer y\u00f6netir. Ayn\u0131 aileden gelen orkalar \u00f6m\u00fcrleri boyunca birlikte kal\u0131r ve her zaman birbirlerini duyabilecek mesafede bulunurlar. Her s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 ve sesleri vard\u0131r; bu sesler bir t\u00fcr leh\u00e7e gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Orkalar, gruplar h\u00e2linde avlan\u0131r ve bunu iyi koordine edilmi\u015f stratejilerle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirirler. Avlar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek ve yakalamak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli taktikler geli\u015ftirirler. Orkalar okyanuslarda ya\u015farlar. Ancak Pasifik ve Kuzey Atlantik\u2019in daha so\u011fuk sular\u0131nda ve Antarktika’da n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r. \u201cKatil balina\u201d adlar\u0131, san\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine sald\u0131rgan do\u011falar\u0131ndan de\u011fil, di\u011fer balina cinslerini avlad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan onlara verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”\u015ei\u015fe Burunlu Yunus” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30679″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]\u015ei\u015fe burunlu yunus, d\u00fcnya genelinde en yayg\u0131n ve en iyi bilinen yunus t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Zek\u00e2lar\u0131, sosyal yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve oyunseverlikleriyle tan\u0131nan \u015fi\u015fe burunlu yunuslar\u0131n yeti\u015fkinleri, 2 ila 4 metre uzunlu\u011fa ve 150 ila 650 kilogram aras\u0131nda bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir. S\u0131rtlar\u0131 gri, kar\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 ise a\u00e7\u0131k gri ya da beyaza yak\u0131n renktedir. \u0130smini, k\u0131sa ve yuvarlak burun yap\u0131s\u0131ndan al\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck beyinleri ve geli\u015fmi\u015f sinir sistemleri sayesinde ileri d\u00fczeyde problem \u00e7\u00f6zme ve ileti\u015fim yeteneklerine sahiptirler. Il\u0131man ve tropikal denizlerde yayg\u0131n olarak ya\u015fayan bu t\u00fcr, genellikle kalabal\u0131k s\u00fcr\u00fcler h\u00e2linde; k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde, hali\u00e7lerde ve s\u0131\u011f sularda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00dclkemizde; Akdeniz, Ege, Marmara ve Karadeniz’de de rastlanan \u015fi\u015fe burunlu yunuslar, \u0131sl\u0131klar ve v\u00fccut hareketleriyle birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurarlar. \u0130nsanlarla etkile\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k olmalar\u0131yla da bilinen nadir deniz memelilerindendir. Son derece zeki olan bu canl\u0131lar, y\u00fcksek fark\u0131ndal\u0131k d\u00fczeyine sahiptir ve aynada kendini tan\u0131yabilen ender hayvanlardan biridir. Amazon nehir yunusu, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019n\u0131n tatl\u0131 sular\u0131nda ya\u015fayan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck nehir yunuslar\u0131ndan biridir. Yeti\u015fkinleri 2,5 metreye kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. En dikkat \u00e7ekici \u00f6zellikleri ise pembe renge sahip olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu renk, ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a koyula\u015fan deri yap\u0131s\u0131 ve ince k\u0131lcal damarlar\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Kafas\u0131n\u0131 90 derece d\u00f6nd\u00fcrebilen tek yunus t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Esnek v\u00fccut yap\u0131lar\u0131 sayesinde s\u0131k a\u011fa\u00e7 k\u00f6klerinin ve yo\u011fun bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu alanlarda rahatl\u0131kla manevra yapabilirler. Amazon nehir yunuslar\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 nehirlerin bulan\u0131k sular\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00f6rme duyular\u0131n\u0131 pek kullanamaz; bunun yerine son derece geli\u015fmi\u015f sonar yeteneklerine g\u00fcvenirler. Sonar sistemi, yunuslar\u0131n ve baz\u0131 di\u011fer deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evrelerini alg\u0131lamak ve avlanmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u00f6n bulma y\u00f6ntemidir. Yunuslar suya y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 sesler g\u00f6nderir; bu ses dalgalar\u0131 \u00e7evredeki nesnelere \u00e7arpt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda geri yans\u0131r. Gelen yank\u0131lar\u0131 i\u015fleyerek nesnelerin boyutunu, \u015feklini, uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc tespit edebilirler.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Ganj Nehri Yunusu” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30681″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Ganj Nehri yunusu, Hindistan, Nepal ve Banglade\u015f\u2019ten ge\u00e7en Ganj ve Brahmaputra Nehirleri\u2019nde ya\u015fayan bir tatl\u0131 su yunusudur. \u201cK\u00f6r yunus\u201d olarak da bilinir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6zleri olduk\u00e7a k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr ve yaln\u0131zca \u0131\u015f\u0131k ile karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ay\u0131rt edebilir. G\u00f6rme yetileri s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olsa da sonar sistemleri son derece geli\u015fmi\u015ftir ve avlar\u0131n\u0131 bu y\u00f6ntemle tespit ederler. Boylar\u0131 2 ila 2,5 metre uzunlu\u011fa, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ise 150 kilograma kadar ula\u015fabilir. Genellikle yaln\u0131z ya da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar h\u00e2linde ya\u015farlar. Ganj Nehri yunuslar\u0131, yan yatarak y\u00fczme e\u011filimindedir. Bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k, nehir taban\u0131ndaki avlar\u0131 daha kolay bulmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Di\u011fer yunus t\u00fcrlerine k\u0131yasla su y\u00fczeyinde \u00e7ok daha az vakit ge\u00e7irirler. Nefes almak i\u00e7in y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda, suyun \u00fczerinde yaln\u0131zca 1 saniye kadar kal\u0131rlar. Bu k\u0131sa y\u00fczey s\u00fcreleri ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 suyun bulan\u0131k yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00f6zlemlenmeleri olduk\u00e7a zordur. Bu y\u00fczden davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bilgiye sahibiz. Hindistan\u2019da kutsal kabul edilen bu yunuslar, yerel halk taraf\u0131ndan Ganj Nehri\u2019nin ruhu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Boz yunus, geni\u015f al\u0131nl\u0131 kafas\u0131, g\u00fcl\u00fcmseyen ifadesi ve ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a beyazla\u015fan v\u00fccuduyla dikkat \u00e7eken ilgin\u00e7 bir yunus t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yeti\u015fkin bir boz yunus, ortalama 4 metre uzunlu\u011fa ve 500 kilogram a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fabilir. Gen\u00e7ken gri renkte olan v\u00fccutlar\u0131, ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a beyaz \u00e7izgilerle ve yara izleriyle kaplan\u0131r. Bu izler genellikle avlanma s\u0131ras\u0131nda ya da di\u011fer yunuslarla oyun veya \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma esnas\u0131nda olu\u015fur. Derin sularda ya\u015fayan bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn burun yap\u0131s\u0131, di\u011fer yunuslardan farkl\u0131 olarak belirgin de\u011fildir. Bu da onlara karakteristik ve ay\u0131rt edici bir y\u00fcz ifadesi kazand\u0131r\u0131r. Boz yunuslar\u0131n bir di\u011fer ilgin\u00e7 \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise olduk\u00e7a sessiz olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer yunuslar gibi s\u00fcrekli ses \u00e7\u0131karmak yerine, sonar sistemlerini daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede ve daha az s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131rlar. Il\u0131k ve tropikal okyanus sular\u0131nda ya\u015fayan bu yunuslar, m\u00fcrekkep bal\u0131klar\u0131yla beslendikleri i\u00e7in genellikle okyanus taban\u0131na yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerde dola\u015f\u0131rlar. K\u0131y\u0131ya yak\u0131n b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeleri olduk\u00e7a nadir olan boz yunuslar\u0131, genellikle t\u00fcm okyanuslarda g\u00f6r\u00fclseler de nadiren \u0130spanya, \u0130talya ve Yunanistan a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda da g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”D\u00f6n\u00fcc\u00fc Yunus” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30683″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n Yunus ailesinin en \u00e7evik \u00fcyelerinden biri olan d\u00f6n\u00fcc\u00fc yunus, ad\u0131n\u0131 su y\u00fczeyine f\u0131rlayarak havada defalarca d\u00f6nmesinden al\u0131r. Havada 7 kez d\u00f6nebilme ve 3 metreye kadar s\u0131\u00e7rayabilme yetene\u011fine sahip bu zarif t\u00fcr, yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 metre uzunlu\u011fa ve 80 kilogram a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ula\u015fabilir. Havada d\u00f6nerek yapt\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131\u00e7ramalar\u0131n bir\u00e7ok nedeni vard\u0131r: Suya d\u00fc\u015ferken olu\u015fan s\u0131\u00e7rama sesiyle ileti\u015fim kurarlar, ayr\u0131ca bu hareket sayesinde v\u00fccutlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fan parazitlerden ar\u0131n\u0131rlar. Erkek d\u00f6n\u00fcc\u00fc yunuslar, di\u015filerin dikkatini \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7eren s\u0131\u00e7ramalar sergiler. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, belirli y\u00f6nlerde d\u00f6nen yunuslar\u0131n bu hareketlerle s\u00fcr\u00fcdeki di\u011fer yunuslara av\u0131n konumu hakk\u0131nda bilgi verdi\u011fini de g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130nsanlarla etkile\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k olan bu oyunsever yunuslar, teknelerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu dalgalarda s\u00f6rf yapmaktan da b\u00fcy\u00fck keyif al\u0131r. D\u00f6n\u00fcc\u00fc yunuslar\u0131n en yo\u011fun bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeler Hint Okyanusu, Pasifik Okyanusu ve Atlantik\u2019in s\u0131cak sular\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle mercan resiflerini ve a\u00e7\u0131k deniz b\u00f6lgelerini tercih ederler.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Alaca Yunus” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30684″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n G\u00fcney Yar\u0131m K\u00fcre\u2019nin so\u011fuk ve \u0131l\u0131man okyanuslar\u0131nda; G\u00fcney Amerika, G\u00fcneybat\u0131 Afrika a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ve Yeni Zelanda sular\u0131nda ya\u015fayan alaca yunuslar, isimlerini g\u00f6vdelerinde bulunan siyah, gri ve beyaz renk kombinasyonundan al\u0131r. Di\u015fileri en fazla 1,93 metreye, erkekleri ise 2,11 metreye kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilir. Sosyal ve \u00e7evik yap\u0131lar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan alaca yunuslar s\u00fcrekli hareket h\u00e2lindedir. Genellikle 20 ya da daha fazla yunustan olu\u015fan gruplar h\u00e2linde ya\u015farlar; zaman zaman bu say\u0131 500 ila 1000\u2019i bile bulabilir. Grup i\u00e7i i\u015f birli\u011fi ile avlan\u0131rlar ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te yapt\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fcksek su s\u0131\u00e7ramalar\u0131 sayesinde avlar\u0131n\u0131n hangi y\u00f6ne gidece\u011fini belirlerler. Ancak sadece avlanmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil, katil balina ve baz\u0131 k\u00f6pek bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin av\u0131 olmamak i\u00e7in de kalabal\u0131k gruplar h\u00e2linde ya\u015farlar.<\/p>\n [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Okyanuslar\u0131n ne\u015feli ve zeki sakinleri olan yunuslar; sosyal yap\u0131lar\u0131, geli\u015fmi\u015f ileti\u015fim becerileri ve karma\u015f\u0131k avlanma stratejileriyle hayvanlar \u00e2leminin en \u00e7ok ilgi \u00e7eken t\u00fcrlerinden biridir. Di\u015fli balinalar tak\u0131m\u0131na ait olan yunuslar, genellikle s\u00fcr\u00fcler h\u00e2linde ya\u015far ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 denizlerinde, hatta baz\u0131 tatl\u0131 su b\u00f6lgelerinde bile g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Baz\u0131 yunus t\u00fcrleri akrobatik s\u0131\u00e7ray\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fcyken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 devasa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[1466,1258,782,1468,3179],"class_list":["post-30675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-balina","tag-canli","tag-deniz-canlisi","tag-yunus","tag-yunus-turleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30675"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30675\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Amazon Nehir Yunusu” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30680″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
\n<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Boz Yunus” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”30682″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n