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Ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7larda g\u00f6zlemlenen ve dallar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine temas etmemesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan do\u011fal bir fenomendir. Bu olayda, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n en \u00fcst dallar\u0131 (ta\u00e7lar\u0131) belli bir mesafe b\u0131rakarak b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde girintili \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, yollar\u0131 and\u0131ran bo\u015fluklar olu\u015fturur. Bilim insanlar\u0131, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerine dair \u00e7e\u015fitli teoriler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, s\u00f6z konusu teorileri ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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A\u011fa\u00e7 yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine temas etmemesiyle ilgili olarak ortaya at\u0131lan “fiziksel temastan ka\u00e7\u0131nma” teorisine g\u00f6re a\u011fa\u00e7lar; r\u00fczg\u00e2r\u0131n etkisiyle birbirine \u00e7arpan dallar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in temas etmeyecek \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Sert r\u00fczg\u00e2rlar, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek ve ince g\u00f6vdeli a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 sallayarak dallar aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeye neden olur. Bu s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme s\u0131k s\u0131k tekrarlan\u0131rsa, dallar\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki tomurcuklar zarar g\u00f6rebilir ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme durabilir. Bunun sonucunda, a\u011fa\u00e7lar zaman i\u00e7inde do\u011fal olarak birbirlerinden mesafeli \u015fekilde geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n
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Ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair ikinci teori, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanabilmek i\u00e7in birbirlerine fazla yakla\u015fmamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren \u0131\u015f\u0131k rekabeti teorisidir. Bitkiler, fotosentez yapabilmek i\u00e7in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Bu teoriye g\u00f6re, a\u011fa\u00e7lar kom\u015fu dallardan uzakla\u015farak g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha verimli alabilecek \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Aralar\u0131nda yeterli mesafe b\u0131rakarak her bir a\u011fa\u00e7 daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k alabilir ve b\u00f6ylece b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcreci daha verimli h\u00e2le gelir.<\/p>\n
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I\u015f\u0131k rekabeti teorisi, \u00f6zellikle farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrde a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n bir arada bulundu\u011fu ormanlarda daha belirgin h\u00e2le gelir. A\u011fa\u00e7lar, \u0131\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nda avantaj sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in dallar\u0131n\u0131 kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n dallar\u0131na de\u011fdirmeden \u015fekillendirir; b\u00f6ylece hem kendileri hem de orman\u0131n di\u011fer katmanlar\u0131ndaki bitkiler daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k alabilir. \u00d6zellikle tropik ormanlar ve yo\u011fun a\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131k alanlarda, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n bireysel olarak en iyi \u0131\u015f\u0131k alma stratejilerini geli\u015ftirdikleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
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\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir teori ise, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u00f6kleri ve yapraklar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kimyasal sinyaller g\u00f6ndererek birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. Bu teoriye g\u00f6re, a\u011fa\u00e7lar dallar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine fazla yakla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in bu sinyalleri kullanarak b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini y\u00f6nlendirir. B\u00f6ylece, b\u00fcy\u00fcme y\u00f6nlerini kontrol edebilir ve temas etmeyi bilin\u00e7li bir \u015fekilde engelleyebilirler.<\/p>\n
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Kimyasal sinyaller sayesinde a\u011fa\u00e7lar ve bitkiler, yapraklar\u0131nda, kabuklar\u0131nda ve re\u00e7inelerinde \u201cterpenoid\u201d ad\u0131 verilen organik maddeler \u00fcreterek b\u00f6cekler, mantarlar ve zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalara kar\u015f\u0131 kimyasal savunma sa\u011flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, okalipt\u00fcs ve baz\u0131 \u00e7am t\u00fcrleri \u00e7evrelerine terpenoid salg\u0131layarak di\u011fer bitkilerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engeller. Bu t\u00fcr kimyasallar, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6steren a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 da belirleyebilir. Baz\u0131 bilimsel teorilere g\u00f6re, a\u011fa\u00e7lar g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 stresi veya fiziksel temas gibi durumlarda terpenoid \u00fcretimini art\u0131rabilir. Bu durum, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131 fenomeniyle ili\u015fkilendirilir.<\/p>\n
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A\u011fa\u00e7lar yaln\u0131zca havaya kimyasal salg\u0131lamakla kalmaz, k\u00f6kleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla da mesajlar iletebilir. Bitki k\u00f6kleriyle simbiyotik (kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 fayda sa\u011flayan) bir ili\u015fki kuran mikorizal mantarlar ve k\u00f6kler aras\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n birbirine besin, su ve hatta uyar\u0131 sinyalleri g\u00f6ndermesini sa\u011flar. Mikorizal mantarlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yer alt\u0131ndaki a\u011fa\u00e7 k\u00f6kleri, di\u011fer a\u011fa\u00e7larla \u00e2deta bir “internet a\u011f\u0131” olu\u015fturur. A\u011fa\u00e7lar, kom\u015fular\u0131na \u201cbu alana \u00e7ok yakla\u015fma\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen kimyasallar salg\u0131layarak b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n
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Baz\u0131 bilim insanlar\u0131, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n savunma mekanizmalar\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olabilece\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. A\u011fa\u00e7lar birbirine fazla yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, zararl\u0131 b\u00f6cekler ve mantar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 daha kolay yay\u0131labilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin ak\u00e7aa\u011fa\u00e7lar t\u0131rt\u0131llar\u0131n yapraklar\u0131n\u0131 yedi\u011fini alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7evredeki di\u011fer ak\u00e7aa\u011fa\u00e7lara kimyasal sinyaller g\u00f6ndererek onlar\u0131n daha fazla savunma bile\u015fi\u011fi \u00fcretmesini sa\u011flar. Kimyasal sinyallerle b\u00fcy\u00fcmenin kontrol edilmesi, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunan \u00f6nemli bir etken olabilir. Ancak bu konuda bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 kesin bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131; r\u00fczg\u00e2r ve s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme, \u0131\u015f\u0131k rekabeti ve kimyasal sinyallerin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fan bir do\u011fa olay\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da g\u00f6steriyor ki a\u011fa\u00e7lar, sadece pasif canl\u0131lar de\u011fil; \u00e7evreleriyle aktif olarak ileti\u015fim kurarak hayatta kalma stratejileri geli\u015ftiren varl\u0131klard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7larda g\u00f6zlemlenen ve dallar\u0131n\u0131n birbirine temas etmemesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan do\u011fal bir fenomendir. Bu olayda, a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n en \u00fcst dallar\u0131 (ta\u00e7lar\u0131) belli bir mesafe b\u0131rakarak b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde girintili \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131, yollar\u0131 and\u0131ran bo\u015fluklar olu\u015fturur. Bilim insanlar\u0131, ta\u00e7 utanga\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerine dair \u00e7e\u015fitli teoriler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda, s\u00f6z konusu teorileri ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla okuyabilirsiniz. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30656,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[253,3172,3173,3174],"class_list":["post-30655","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rota-doga","tag-agac","tag-dal","tag-tac","tag-tac-utangacligi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30655","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30655"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30655\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30655"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30655"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30655"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}