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Karadeniz sadece do\u011fas\u0131yla de\u011fil k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleriyle de e\u015fsiz bir b\u00f6lgemizdir. Mutfa\u011f\u0131, \u015fivesi, geleneksel k\u0131yafetleri ve hatta danslar\u0131na bile yans\u0131yan \u00f6zg\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131, in\u015fa ettikleri ah\u015fap evlerde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Kafkasya\u2019dan Kastamonu b\u00f6lgesine kadar geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyada in\u015fa edilen \u201cserender\u201dlerin ismi, b\u00f6lge i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterse de yap\u0131m prensipleri hemen hemen ayn\u0131. Tamam\u0131 ah\u015faptan in\u015fa edilen serender evlerinin baz\u0131lar\u0131nda tahtalar birbirine ge\u00e7irilerek in\u015fa edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in tek bir \u00e7ivi bile kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Bu evlerin amac\u0131, toprakla ili\u015fkiyi kesmek, f\u0131nd\u0131k, tah\u0131l ve di\u011fer besinleri nemden ve fare gibi kemirgenlerden korumakt\u0131r. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ah\u015fap ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerinden serender evlerinin teknik detaylar\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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Serender, genellikle Orta ve Do\u011fu Karadeniz\u2019de, k\u0131rsal y\u00f6relerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir mimari yap\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131, d\u00f6rt direk \u00fczerine oturtulmu\u015f bir t\u00fcr odad\u0131r. Mutlaka evin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunur, ev ile serender aras\u0131nda herhangi bir ge\u00e7it, k\u00f6pr\u00fc bulunmaz, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. Kare \u015feklinde tasarlanan serenderlerin yerden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131k 5-7 metredir.<\/p>\n
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Serenderin ana malzemesi ah\u015fapt\u0131r. \u00dcst\u00fc sac veya “harduma” ad\u0131 verilen yass\u0131 olarak yontulmu\u015f ya da kesilmi\u015f tahtalarla \u00f6rt\u00fclerek su ge\u00e7irmesi engellenir. Ancak yan taraflar\u0131nda 20\u201330 santimetre boyunda, bir bu\u00e7uk iki santim geni\u015fli\u011finde \u0131zgaralar bulunur. Bu \u0131zgaralar\u0131n yap\u0131lma amac\u0131 serenderin i\u00e7erisinde hava ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Karadeniz mutfa\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan m\u0131s\u0131r\u0131n ve b\u00f6lge ekonomisinin temelini olu\u015fturan f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurutulmas\u0131, saklanmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer yiyeceklerin muhafazas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan serenderler, 30-50 santimetre \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki yuvarlak\/bombeli a\u011fa\u00e7 tekerlerin tercihe g\u00f6re d\u00f6rt, alt\u0131 ya da sekiz adet dire\u011fin tepesine in\u015fa edilir. Yerden y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ha\u015ferelerden ve yaban hayvanlar\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar, yukar\u0131 t\u0131rmanan farenin, dire\u011fin tepesinde duran geni\u015f teker sayesinde serenderin i\u00e7ine girmesi \u00f6nlenmi\u015f olur. Yap\u0131ya, genellikle akasya a\u011fac\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan seyyar bir merdiven ile \u00e7\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p inilir. Merdiven ya a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r-kapan\u0131r (mente\u015feli) ya da yerden bir basamak yukar\u0131da yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Bir zamanlar hemen her evin yan\u0131nda bulunan serenderler, g\u0131da ambar\u0131 i\u015flevini yerine getirir. Bu\u011fday, m\u0131s\u0131r, fasulye, patates, meyve kurular\u0131, tur\u015fular, baklagiller, f\u0131nd\u0131k ve di\u011fer yazl\u0131k-k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7lar serenderde bozulmadan saklanabilir. Serenderin anahtar\u0131 genelde evin en ya\u015fl\u0131 ve s\u00f6z sahibi kad\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunur. Eski tip serenderlerde, bilhassa eski k\u00f6kl\u00fc ailelerin serenderlerinde, ince ah\u015fap i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011finin g\u00fczel \u00f6rnekleri g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar.<\/p>\n
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Her y\u00f6renin serenderinin kendine has teknik \u00f6zellikleri, plan\u0131, formu vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Trabzon\u2019un il\u00e7esi Tonya\u2019da serenderler in\u015fa edilirken \u201cta\u015f direk\u201d ve \u201cta\u015f teker\u201d kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Eski tip serenderler art\u0131k pek in\u015fa edilmezken; Ordu Fatsa\u2019da, Trabzon Atapark\u2019da, Ma\u00e7ka\u2019da, Rize Merkez, \u00c7ayeli, G\u00fcneysu ile Artvin\u2019deki sahillerde eski serenderlerin tamir edilerek turistik d\u00fckk\u00e2nlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi bu y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k mimari gelene\u011finin yeni ku\u015faklara aktar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Karadeniz sadece do\u011fas\u0131yla de\u011fil k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleriyle de e\u015fsiz bir b\u00f6lgemizdir. Mutfa\u011f\u0131, \u015fivesi, geleneksel k\u0131yafetleri ve hatta danslar\u0131na bile yans\u0131yan \u00f6zg\u00fcn k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131, in\u015fa ettikleri ah\u015fap evlerde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Kafkasya\u2019dan Kastamonu b\u00f6lgesine kadar geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyada in\u015fa edilen \u201cserender\u201dlerin ismi, b\u00f6lge i\u00e7inde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterse de yap\u0131m prensipleri hemen hemen ayn\u0131. Tamam\u0131 ah\u015faptan in\u015fa edilen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29709,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[2455,1076,96,2456],"class_list":["post-29708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-ahsap-ev","tag-ev","tag-karadeniz","tag-serender"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29708\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}