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Geleneksel evler, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan tarihi bir mirast\u0131r. Her biri kendi b\u00f6lgesinin \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini yans\u0131t\u0131r ve mimari a\u00e7\u0131dan ilgin\u00e7 detaylara sahiptir. \u0130n\u015fa edildikleri d\u00f6nemin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, co\u011frafi, toplumsal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan geleneksel mimariler sadece birer yap\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haf\u0131zan\u0131n da bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kan geleneksel evleri yaz\u0131m\u0131zda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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\u00c7ince d\u00f6rtgen anlam\u0131na gelen “siheyuan”, \u00c7in\u2019in ba\u015fkenti Pekin’in geleneksel avlulu evleridir. Bir avlunun \u00e7evresindeki d\u00f6rt evden olu\u015fan bu iki bin y\u0131ll\u0131k mimari gelenekteki yap\u0131lar simetrik tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Konut olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi saray, tap\u0131nak, manast\u0131r ve devlet dairesi olarak da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Siheyuan tarz yap\u0131lardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u00f6nemli yazar ve devlet adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ev olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise bu evler m\u00fczeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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Rusya k\u0131rsallar\u0131nda geleneksel metotlarla in\u015fa edilen tahta ev izbalar eski d\u00f6nemlerde metal olmadan halat, b\u0131\u00e7ak ve ma\u00e7a gibi aletler kullan\u0131larak basit\u00e7e kesilmi\u015f tahtalar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011flanmas\u0131yla in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Ah\u015fap ve toprak malzemelerden yap\u0131lan ve en fazla iki katl\u0131 olan izbalar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 ise kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bolca faydalanmak i\u00e7in geni\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131lan pencereler o b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel detaylar\u0131na ait \u015fekil ve desenlerle s\u00fcslenmektedir.<\/p>\n
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\u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi\u2019ndeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kasabas\u0131 Alberobello\u2019da mantara benzeyen konik \u015fapkal\u0131, biti\u015fik nizam, beyaz ta\u015f evlerin tarihi 14. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar uzanmaktad\u0131r. Trullilerin duvar ve \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131 yine bu b\u00f6lgeden \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kire\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n har\u00e7 konmadan \u00fcst \u00fcste yerle\u015ftirilmesi ile in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Kolayca eriyebilen, \u00e7atlak ve k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n oldu\u011fu karstik yap\u0131daki bu kire\u00e7 ta\u015flar\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan evlerin ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131 havalarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar ise her evin su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan sarn\u0131\u00e7lar ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sarn\u0131c\u0131 kazarken \u00e7\u0131kan kayalarla d\u0131\u015f duvarlar\u0131n \u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc evlerin bir di\u011fer \u00f6zelli\u011fi ise k\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u0131cak, yaz\u0131n serin olmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Endonezya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki Sumba Adas\u0131\u2019na \u00f6zg\u00fc geleneksel evlerde yerel ve do\u011fal malzemeler kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Adan\u0131n iklimi s\u0131cak ve kurak oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bambu ve ah\u015fap malzemelerle yap\u0131lan evlerin duvarlar\u0131nda bambu ve Hindistan cevizi yapra\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f paneller bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7at\u0131s\u0131 Hindistan cevizi yapra\u011f\u0131 ile fidanlardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7\u0131talar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011flanmas\u0131yla in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Kare olan sumban evlerinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise ihtiyaca g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir. Evin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen d\u00f6rt ana direk ise aile birli\u011fine vurgu yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”5#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”29031″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]16. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma Osmanl\u0131 saraylar\u0131, camileri ve evleriyle \u00fcnl\u00fc Cezayir\u2019deki Kasbah\u2019\u0131n geleneksel mimarisi olan iki veya \u00fc\u00e7 katl\u0131 Kasbah evleri; su ve saman\u0131n kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile haz\u0131rlanan kerpi\u00e7ten in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir. Yerel halk\u0131n vaktinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi avlular yap\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli unsurudur. Bu evlerde pencereler minik a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131klardan olu\u015fmu\u015f ve avluya bakacak \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Odalar\u0131n dar ve uzun oldu\u011fu Kasbah evlerinin k\u00f6\u015feli kuleleri kil tu\u011flalar ile s\u00fcslenmi\u015ftir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”6#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”29032″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Asya bozk\u0131rlar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6\u00e7ebe Mo\u011fol halk\u0131n\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger, ah\u015fap bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00fczerine y\u00fcn ke\u00e7eden yap\u0131lan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve daire \u015feklindeki \u00e7ad\u0131rlard\u0131r. Mo\u011fol dilinde yurt anlam\u0131na gelen ger, sert iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131 olup kolayca ta\u015f\u0131nabilmektedir. Gerlerin d\u0131\u015f katman\u0131 geleneksel metotlarda \u00fcretilmekte ve d\u00f6v\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcnden meydana getirilen ke\u00e7e katmanlardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Ke\u00e7e daha sonra koyun s\u00fct\u00fc veya ya\u011f\u0131 eklenerek su ge\u00e7irmez h\u00e2le getirilmektedir. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7eri girmesi ve gerin i\u00e7indeki ocaktan duman \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7at\u0131n\u0131n tam ortas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yass\u0131 tepesi, peynir ve di\u011fer g\u0131dalar\u0131 r\u00fczg\u00e2rda ya da g\u00fcne\u015fte kurutmak, ayn\u0131 zamanda mayalamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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1994\u2019te UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi\u2019ne giren Karab\u00fck\u2019teki Safranbolu T\u00fcrk evleri, 18. ve 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l Osmanl\u0131 kent mimarisinin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar korunan en g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerindendir. Kendine has mimarisiyle dikkat \u00e7eken evler iki veya \u00fc\u00e7 kattan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Yap\u0131m\u0131nda ah\u015fap, ta\u015f, kerpi\u00e7 ve alaturka kiremitler kullan\u0131lan bu evlerin her birinin konumu g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 engellemeyecek \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015flevselli\u011fiyle \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kan bu evlerde odunlar\u0131n zaman\u0131 geldi\u011finde yak\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in depoland\u0131klar\u0131 alanlar mimariye eklenmi\u015ftir. Dar ama say\u0131ca fazla olan pencerelerdeki ah\u015fap korkuluklar ise evin i\u00e7inin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesini engellerken; i\u00e7eriye g\u00fcne\u015f alacak \u015fekilde ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclecek \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zemin kat ise erzak depolamak ve ev halk\u0131n\u0131n besledi\u011fi hayvanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Geleneksel evler, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan tarihi bir mirast\u0131r. Her biri kendi b\u00f6lgesinin \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00f6zelliklerini yans\u0131t\u0131r ve mimari a\u00e7\u0131dan ilgin\u00e7 detaylara sahiptir. \u0130n\u015fa edildikleri d\u00f6nemin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, co\u011frafi, toplumsal ve ekonomik ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayan geleneksel mimariler sadece birer yap\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fclt\u00fcrel haf\u0131zan\u0131n da bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc yap\u0131lar\u0131 ve tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[2060,2061,2062],"class_list":["post-29025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-geleneksel-evler","tag-geleneksel-mimariler","tag-kultur"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29025"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29025\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}