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Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda yer alan ve Antik Roma kaynaklar\u0131nda \u201cTalihli Arabistan\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en Yemen\u2019in tarihi \u00e7ok eskilere uzan\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte dokumac\u0131l\u0131k ve kuyumculuk merkezi olan \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti ise, k\u00f6kl\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile kendine has dokusunu korumay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f. Tarihteki ilk apartmanlar\u0131n in\u015fa edildi\u011fi San\u2019a, eski medeniyetlerden oldu\u011fu kadar Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndan da izler ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6zg\u00fcn mimarisi ile hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131ran ba\u015fkent hakk\u0131ndaki bilgileri yaz\u0131m\u0131zda listeledik.<\/p>\n
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Yemen\u2019in ba\u015fkenti San\u2019a\u2019da ilk yerle\u015fim tarihi, M.\u00d6. 3000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcren Ma\u00een Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na kadar uzan\u0131yor. Ancak bundan \u00f6nce de \u015fehrin yerle\u015fim yeri oldu\u011funa ve Hz. Nuh\u2019un o\u011flu Sam taraf\u0131ndan kuruldu\u011funa dair yayg\u0131n bir inan\u0131\u015f var. Bu y\u00fczden \u201cSam\u2019\u0131n \u015eehri\u201d de deniliyor. \u015eehirde zamanla bir\u00e7ok devlet kurulmu\u015f ve farkl\u0131 medeniyetlerin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izler \u015fehrin \u00f6zg\u00fcn dokusunu katman katman olu\u015fturmu\u015f. \u0130slam dininin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131 olan 600\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 kabul eden San\u2019a halk\u0131, en \u00f6nemli \u0130slami eserleri de bu \u015fehirde in\u015fa etmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
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San\u2019a, \u201cEski \u015eehir\u201d ve \u201cYeni \u015eehir\u201d olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Koruma alt\u0131ndaki tarihi yerler daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alan\u0131 kaplayan \u201cEski \u015eehir\u201dde; 1960\u2019larda y\u00fckselen modern anlamdaki \u015fehir ise \u201cYeni \u015eehir\u201d k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Eski \u015eehir\u2019deki \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski yerle\u015fim yerleri\u201d sit alan\u0131 olarak koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131p 1986\u2019da UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi\u2019ne eklenmi\u015f.<\/p>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”3#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”28829″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]9. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan \u00f6nce in\u015fa edilen binlerce konut ve \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde yap\u0131lan y\u00fczden fazla caminin \u00e7o\u011fu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bazalt kayadan y\u00fckseliyor. Alt k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 bazalt ta\u015flardan, \u00fcst katlar\u0131 ise k\u00e2girden yap\u0131lan \u00e7ok katl\u0131 kerpi\u00e7 evler birbiriyle olan uyumu ile dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk g\u00f6kdelenleri olarak kabul edilen bu \u00e7ok katl\u0131 binalardaki kemerlerle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f pencereler ahenk i\u00e7inde. Basit malzemelerle \u015fa\u015faal\u0131 yap\u0131lar in\u015fa etmeyi ba\u015faran \u015fehrin etraf\u0131 ise b\u00fcy\u00fck bir surla \u00e7evrili\u2026[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”4#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”28830″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]<\/p>\n
Kerpi\u00e7 yap\u0131n\u0131n dayan\u0131ks\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle mahalledeki evlerin ayakta kalabilmesi i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli onar\u0131m ve bak\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. Toprak malzemeden yap\u0131lan kerpi\u00e7 evlerde misafirlerin a\u011f\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f\u00e7e bir sofa, \u00fcst katla ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flayan dar bir merdiven ve \u00fcst katlardaki dar yatak odalar\u0131 geleneksel evlerin tipik mimari \u00f6zellikleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. \u00c7at\u0131lar\u0131 d\u00fcz olan evlerin en \u00fcst b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise “mafraj” ad\u0131 verilen ve ev sahibinin g\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi \u00f6zel bir alan bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
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6 ila 9 metre aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen y\u00fckseklikteki duvarlar\u0131yla \u015fehri saran ve koruma alt\u0131na alan surlar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yedi kap\u0131s\u0131 bulunuyormu\u015f. Ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze sadece 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan onar\u0131lan \u201cYemen Kap\u0131s\u0131\u201d (Bab el-Yemen) ula\u015fabilmi\u015f durumda. Yemen Kap\u0131s\u0131\u2019ndan giri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan hemen sonra 1516\u2019da Osmanl\u0131 himayesine giren Yemen\u2019de in\u015fa edilen ilk cami olan Bekiriye Camii ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en eski \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc camisi Camiu\u2019l Kebir (Ulu Camii) bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
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Hz. Peygamber\u2019in davetiyle M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Yemen valisi B\u00e2z\u00e2n, 630 senesinde Camiu\u2019l Kebir\u2019in bulundu\u011fu yere \u0130slam \u00e2leminin ilk mescitlerden birini yapt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda tadilat g\u00f6ren mescidin bak\u0131m\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde de devam etmi\u015f; \u00e7evresine bir hapishane ve askeri garnizon eklenmi\u015f. Kimi alanlar\u0131 beyaza boyal\u0131 olan cami ile mescit, 2003\u2019te tekrar restore edilerek g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmi\u015f. Ayr\u0131ca mescidi \u00f6zel k\u0131lan bir di\u011fer unsur, Hz. Ali\u2019nin Hilafet d\u00f6nemine ait oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen 12 adet el yazmas\u0131 Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim\u2019in bu mescitte bulunmas\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n
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\u015eehrin \u00f6nemli mimarileri aras\u0131nda yer alan ve al\u0131\u015fageldi\u011fimiz m\u00fczelerden olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 olan Ulusal M\u00fcze, Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019ndaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fczelerden biri. Asl\u0131nda eski bir askeri hastane olsa da restorasyondan sonra Yemen tarihi hakk\u0131nda eserlerin sergilendi\u011fi bir m\u00fczeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f. M\u00fczenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda Yemen\u2019de h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemdeki Sebe ve Hadramut krall\u0131klar\u0131na ait heykeller ve yap\u0131tlar; m\u00fczenin di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131nda ise \u0130slam d\u00f6nemine ait eserler sergileniyor.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda yer alan ve Antik Roma kaynaklar\u0131nda \u201cTalihli Arabistan\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en Yemen\u2019in tarihi \u00e7ok eskilere uzan\u0131yor. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte dokumac\u0131l\u0131k ve kuyumculuk merkezi olan \u00fclkenin ba\u015fkenti ise, k\u00f6kl\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile kendine has dokusunu korumay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f. Tarihteki ilk apartmanlar\u0131n in\u015fa edildi\u011fi San\u2019a, eski medeniyetlerden oldu\u011fu kadar Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndan da izler ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6zg\u00fcn mimarisi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28826,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[2905,2906,2907,733],"class_list":["post-28825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rota-doga","tag-arabistan","tag-arap-yarimadasi","tag-sana","tag-sehir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28825"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28825\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28825"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28825"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}