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Piller, elektrik enerjisini kimyasal enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek depolayan ve gerekti\u011finde bu depolanan enerjiyi elektrik enerjisi olarak geri veren cihazlard\u0131r. Art\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde cihazlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131lsa da bir zamanlar bir\u00e7ok cihaz pil ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan pilin nas\u0131l icat edildi\u011fini merak ediyorsan\u0131z hik\u00e2yesi yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u2026<\/p>\n
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Bilinen en eski piller \u201cBa\u011fdat pilleri\u201ddir. M.\u00d6. 250 ve M.S. 640 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen bu ilkel pil; kilden 14 santimetre uzunlu\u011fundaki bir \u00e7\u00f6mlek i\u00e7erisindeki demir \u00e7ubuklardan olu\u015fur. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan sonra Amerikal\u0131 m\u00fchendis Willard Gray, Ba\u011fdat pili olarak bilinen bu kavanozun bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 yaparak i\u00e7ine \u00fcz\u00fcm suyu doldurur ve 1,5 ila 2 volt aras\u0131nda elektrik \u00fcretmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pili 1799\u2019da \u0130talyan fizik\u00e7i Alessandro Volta icat eder. Farkl\u0131 metallerin de\u011fi\u015fik elektrokimyasal potansiyellere sahip oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffeden Volta, alternatif iletken \u00f6zelliklere sahip bir dizi h\u00fccreyi birbirine seri olarak ba\u011flar ve elektrik \u00fcreten ilk pili hayata ge\u00e7irir. 1800\u2019de Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k\u2019ta bilimsel geli\u015fmeleri desteklemek i\u00e7in kurulan Kraliyet Cemiyetine yeni icad\u0131n\u0131 bildiren bir mektup yollar. Bu bulu\u015fla Volta, elektri\u011fin kimyasal metotlarda \u00fcretebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlar. O d\u00f6nemde yayg\u0131n bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olan elektri\u011fin yaln\u0131zca canl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretildi\u011fi \u015feklindeki teoriyi de tepetaklak eder. Bu fikir o d\u00f6nem neden bu kadar yayg\u0131n bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olmu\u015ftur? Bir sonraki maddemizde\u2026<\/p>\n
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Volta pili icat etmeden \u00f6nce, 1780\u2019de \u0130talyan hekim Luigi Galvani \u00f6l\u00fc kurba\u011falar \u00fczerinde elektriksel deneyler yapar. \u0130ki farkl\u0131 metali \u00f6l\u00fc bir kurba\u011fan\u0131n bacaklar\u0131ndaki kaslara temas ettirdi\u011finde bacaklar\u0131n k\u0131p\u0131rdad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark eden Galvani, bunu \u201chayvansal elektrik\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak Volta, yak\u0131n arkada\u015f\u0131 da olan Galvani\u2019nin bu fikrini kabul etmez ve elektri\u011fin kurba\u011fadan de\u011fil farkl\u0131 metallerden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar. Ayr\u0131ca pil icat edilmeden \u00f6nce s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyle elde edilen statik enerji bilinse de ne bunu depolayabilme ne de bu enerjiyi s\u00fcrekli olarak elde etmeye yarayan bir teknoloji vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Volta, bak\u0131r ve \u00e7inko metallerinin aras\u0131na tuzlu suya bat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kuma\u015f ya da kartonlar yerle\u015ftirerek elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 elde etmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 malzeme bir \u201ch\u00fccre\u201dyi tamamlar ve ne kadar \u00e7ok h\u00fccre varsa o kadar fazla elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fur. B\u00f6ylece voltaik pil olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ilk pil, 1800 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alessandro Volta taraf\u0131ndan icat edilir. Volta\u2019n\u0131n pili icat etmesi pe\u015fi s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok yenili\u011fi de hayat\u0131m\u0131za kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Elektrikli ayd\u0131nlatma ve cihazlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran bu yeni bulu\u015fun ard\u0131ndan Frans\u0131z fizik\u00e7i Gaston Plante, \u015farj edilebilen pili icat eder. Bu bulu\u015f, ileride kullan\u0131lacak olan elektrikli ara\u00e7lar\u0131n ve di\u011fer \u015farj edilebilir t\u00fcm elektronik cihazlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7ar. Bug\u00fcn kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kumandalar, diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarlar, saatler, elektrikli otomobiller ve cep telefonu gibi hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelen cihazlar, \u015farjl\u0131 pilin icad\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise pil teknolojisi olduk\u00e7a ilerlemi\u015ftir. De\u011fi\u015fik boyutlarda ve alternatif materyallerle \u00fcretilen pillerin farkl\u0131 kapasiteleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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\u015earjl\u0131 ya da tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k olsun her pilin bir \u00f6mr\u00fc vard\u0131r. \u00d6mr\u00fcn\u00fc tamamlam\u0131\u015f piller \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u00e7erdikleri c\u0131va, kur\u015fun ve kadmiyum gibi metaller zamanla topra\u011fa, yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131na, denizlere kar\u0131\u015farak do\u011faya ve canl\u0131lara zarar verebilir. Bu y\u00fczden at\u0131k pillerin \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lmamas\u0131, bunun yerine geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gerekir. \u00dclkemizde, at\u0131k pilleri geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in okullara, muhtarl\u0131klara, market ve eczane gibi alanlara at\u0131k pil toplama kutular\u0131 yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Siz de \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc tamamlam\u0131\u015f pilleri at\u0131k pil toplama kutular\u0131na atarak hem do\u011faya verilecek zarar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ebilir hem de de\u011ferli metalleri geri kazand\u0131rarak ekonomiye katk\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Piller, elektrik enerjisini kimyasal enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek depolayan ve gerekti\u011finde bu depolanan enerjiyi elektrik enerjisi olarak geri veren cihazlard\u0131r. Art\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde cihazlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131lsa da bir zamanlar bir\u00e7ok cihaz pil ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynayan pilin nas\u0131l icat edildi\u011fini merak ediyorsan\u0131z hik\u00e2yesi yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u2026 [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”1#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1862,1863,1864,1865],"class_list":["post-28377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-elektrik-enerjisi","tag-kimyasal-enerji","tag-pil","tag-piller"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28377","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28377"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28377\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28377"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28377"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28377"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}