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Periskop, asker\u00ee deniz ve kara ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n belirli mesafelerden hedefi g\u00f6rmesini ve y\u00f6n bulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan optik bir alettir. \u00d6zellikle n\u00fckleer ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar gibi tehlikeli olan b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fcvenli alan olu\u015fturarak g\u00f6zlem yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan periskopun en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan denizalt\u0131 gemileridir. Denizalt\u0131lar\u0131n derin denizlerde g\u00f6z\u00fc olan periskop, bir denizalt\u0131n\u0131n sualt\u0131ndayken su \u00fcst\u00fc gemisi gibi seyir yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Periskopun icat tarihi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi yaz\u0131m\u0131zda\u2026<\/p>\n
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1854\u2019te Frans\u0131z kimyager Hippolyte Mari\u00e9-Davy, dikey bir t\u00fcp\u00fcn her iki ucunda 45 derece a\u00e7\u0131yla sabitlenmi\u015f iki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ayna takarak periskopu icat eder. Amerikal\u0131 makine m\u00fchendisi Simon Lake taraf\u0131ndan 1902\u2019de daha da geli\u015ftirilen periskoplar ilk kez denizalt\u0131 gemilerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Periskoplar bug\u00fcnk\u00fc modern haline \u0130rlandal\u0131 optik tasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Sir Howard Grubb’un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ula\u015f\u0131r. Denizalt\u0131 gemilerinin suyun alt\u0131nda seyir halindeyken ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sorunlar\u0131 m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131da ne oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmesine engel oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in denizalt\u0131n\u0131n su y\u00fczeyinde seyretmesi gerekir. Bu sorun periskoplar sayesinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
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Periskoplar, bir t\u00fcp\u00fcn z\u0131t u\u00e7lar\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen iki yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ayna veya prizma sayesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Birinci ayna, hedeften gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 doksan derece k\u0131rarak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru yans\u0131t\u0131r. Bu gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131klar ikinci aynaya \u00e7arpar ve tekrar doksan derece k\u0131r\u0131larak yatay y\u00f6nde g\u00f6ze iletilir. Periskopun bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi teleskoplarda bulunan mercek ile daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilir ve bu sayede hedefi yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rma ve b\u00fcy\u00fctme \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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\u0130lk kullan\u0131m\u0131 I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda olan periskoplar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi i\u00e7in \u00f6zetle ters ve do\u011fru yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f iki d\u00fcrb\u00fcn\u00fcn bir t\u00fcp i\u00e7ine do\u011fru a\u00e7\u0131yla yerle\u015ftirilmesi diyebiliriz. \u00d6nceleri siperlerden g\u00f6z\u00fckmeden hedefin incelenmesi i\u00e7in tasarlanan periskoplar; daha sonra denizalt\u0131lara, tanklara, b\u00fcy\u00fck kara ve gemi toplar\u0131na monte edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
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Optik lif boyunca \u0131\u015f\u0131k sinyalleri g\u00f6ndererek bilginin bir yerden ba\u015fka bir yere iletilmesini sa\u011flayan fiber optik teknolojisinin geli\u015fmesiyle daha da i\u015flevsel olan ince \u00e7apl\u0131 ve uzun periskoplar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tanklarda da yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan periskop sayesinde tanklar\u0131 kullanan ki\u015filer koltu\u011fu hareket ettirmeden 360 derecelik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131 elde eder.<\/p>\n
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Periskop imalat\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli konu, periskop borusunun su ve hava s\u0131zd\u0131rmamas\u0131d\u0131r. Periskop borusu i\u00e7indeki nemli hava bo\u015falt\u0131larak yerine kuru hava, yani azot gaz\u0131 doldurulur. Bu \u015fekilde suyun yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenerek merceklerde ve prizmalarda bu\u011fulanman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Periskop, asker\u00ee deniz ve kara ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n belirli mesafelerden hedefi g\u00f6rmesini ve y\u00f6n bulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan optik bir alettir. \u00d6zellikle n\u00fckleer ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar gibi tehlikeli olan b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fcvenli alan olu\u015fturarak g\u00f6zlem yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan periskopun en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan denizalt\u0131 gemileridir. Denizalt\u0131lar\u0131n derin denizlerde g\u00f6z\u00fc olan periskop, bir denizalt\u0131n\u0131n sualt\u0131ndayken su \u00fcst\u00fc gemisi gibi seyir yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Periskopun […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27516,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1731,1732,1733],"class_list":["post-27513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-denizalti","tag-icat","tag-periskop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27513\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}