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\u201c\u00c7all\u0131 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201c1914 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d ya da \u201cT\u00fcrk \u0130zlenimciler\u201d; Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebinin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi s\u0131nav\u0131 kazanarak sanat e\u011fitimi almak \u00fczere Paris G\u00fczel Sanatlar Okuluna g\u00f6nderilen ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 temsil eder. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ad\u0131 Mimar Sinan G\u00fczel Sanatlar \u00dcniversitesi olan okul, 1882\u2019de II. Abd\u00fclhamit d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019da kurulmu\u015f, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cilk\u201d g\u00fczel sanatlar okulu olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son d\u00f6nem sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 da olan bu ekol\u00fcn temsilcileri, yurt i\u00e7inde ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ald\u0131klar\u0131 e\u011fitimlerle resim sanat\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fimi ve de\u011fi\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenmi\u015f; foto\u011fraftan resim yapma gelene\u011fini b\u0131rakarak eserlerinde do\u011fadan faydalanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Resim alan\u0131nda kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcn tarz\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in at\u00f6lyeden \u00e7\u0131karak a\u00e7\u0131k havada \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Ali R\u0131za, bu ak\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden olup \u00fclkemizde resim dersinin okullarda okutulmas\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 olan bir isimdir. \u0130stanbul\u2019un semt ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 sulu boya ve kara kalem tekni\u011finde resmeden Hoca Ali R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n hayat hik\u00e2yesini yaz\u0131m\u0131zda okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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S\u00fcvari Binba\u015f\u0131 Mehmet R\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc Bey\u2019in o\u011flu olan Ali R\u0131za, 1858\u2019de \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019da d\u00fcnyaya gelir. Askerlik d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hobi olarak hattatl\u0131k yapan babas\u0131n\u0131 yedi ya\u015f\u0131nda kaybeden Ali R\u0131za, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar R\u00fc\u015ftiyesinden mezun olduktan sonra 1880\u2019de t\u0131pk\u0131 babas\u0131 gibi asker olmaya karar verir ve Kuleli Asker\u00ee Lisesine ba\u015flar. Asker\u00ee lisede okurken resme merakl\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131 ile okulda resim at\u00f6lyesi a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Asker\u00ee Mektepler Naz\u0131r\u0131na ba\u015fvuruda bulunur ve \u00e7abalar\u0131 sonucunda okula atanan Saray Yaveri Osman Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019dan resim dersleri al\u0131r. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eserler Sultan II. Abd\u00fclhamid taraf\u0131ndan be\u011fenilir ve o d\u00f6nem \u201cmecidiye ni\u015fan\u0131\u201d olarak an\u0131lan asker\u00ee kahramanl\u0131k ni\u015fan\u0131 ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilir.<\/p>\n
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Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet ni\u015fan\u0131yla iyice resme y\u00f6nelen gen\u00e7 Ali R\u0131za, Fransa\u2019da resim e\u011fitimi alan Miralay S\u00fcleyman Seyyid Bey ve o s\u0131rada \u0130stanbul\u2019da bulunan Frans\u0131z M\u00f6sy\u00f6 Gu\u00e9s\u2019den resim dersleri al\u0131r. 1884\u2019te te\u011fmen r\u00fctbesi ile mezun olan Ali R\u0131za, \u00f6\u011fretmeni olan Osman Nuri Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na atan\u0131r ve okulunda resim dersleri vermeye ba\u015flar. Resim alan\u0131ndaki ba\u015far\u0131 ve azminden dolay\u0131 Napoli\u2019ye resim e\u011fitimi almas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmesine karar verilse de Avrupa\u2019y\u0131 kas\u0131p kavuran kolera salg\u0131n\u0131 nedeni ile bu karardan vazge\u00e7ilir. Ali R\u0131za, kendi tekni\u011fini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli resimler \u00e7izer, desen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r ve bolca masa, bardak, ayakkab\u0131 gibi g\u00fcndelik hayata dair nesneleri resmeder.<\/p>\n
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Asker\u00ee okullarda resim derslerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u00e7erisinde 30 \u00f6rne\u011fin bulundu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7 model alb\u00fcm\u00fc haz\u0131rlayan Ali R\u0131za, bu sayede orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131nda da resim sanat\u0131n\u0131n pop\u00fclerle\u015fmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. Sivil okullar i\u00e7in de modeller haz\u0131rlayan Ali R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n hayat\u0131 art\u0131k daha \u00e7ok resimle i\u00e7 i\u00e7edir. 1891\u2019de Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin eski ba\u015fkentlerindeki incelemelere kat\u0131l\u0131r ve T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam eserlerini resme d\u00f6kerek kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131na fayda sa\u011flar. 1895\u2019te \u201cKola\u011fas\u0131\u201d yani k\u0131demli y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 iken Y\u0131ld\u0131z Porselen Fabrikas\u0131 i\u00e7in tasar\u0131mlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren sanat\u00e7\u0131, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l \u0130talyan ressam Fausto Zonaro ile tan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Fausto Zonaro, II. Abd\u00fclhamid d\u00f6neminde saray ressam\u0131d\u0131r ve eserlerinde \u0130stanbul manzaralar\u0131 s\u0131k\u00e7a yer al\u0131r. \u201cT\u00fcrk ressam\u0131\u201d olarak da tan\u0131nan Zonaro; tarih, sava\u015f, manzara ve portre tarz\u0131ndaki resimleriyle \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ali R\u0131za, \u0130talyan ressam\u0131n Akaretler\u2019deki at\u00f6lyesinde bir s\u00fcre resim dersleri al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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1903\u2019te Mahmut \u015eevket Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n iste\u011fi ile \u201cEski Osmanl\u0131\u201d k\u0131yafetlerinden olu\u015fan bir resim alb\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cAsker\u00ee M\u00fcze\u201d olarak ge\u00e7en T\u00fcrk Esliha-i Atika M\u00fczesinin kurulu\u015funda \u00f6nemli g\u00f6revlerde bulunur. 1909\u2019da ba\u015f ressam olarak Harbiye Matbaas\u0131nda iki sene \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sanat\u00e7\u0131, 1909 ile 1912 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Ressamlar Cemiyeti Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr, \u201cOsmanl\u0131 Ressamlar Cemiyeti Gazetesi\u201dnin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na da \u00f6n ayak olur.<\/p>\n
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1910\u2019da padi\u015fah \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ilk\u00f6\u011fretim e\u011fitimi ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u015eehzadegan s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda resim \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yapan Ali R\u0131za, art\u0131k \u201cHoca\u201d lakab\u0131 ile an\u0131l\u0131r olur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunun bozulmas\u0131 sebebiyle askeriyeden yarbay r\u00fctbesi ile emekli olur ve sivil okullarda resim \u00f6\u011fretmenli\u011fi yapmaya ba\u015flar. En \u00f6nemli eserlerini de bu d\u00f6nemde \u00fcreten sanat\u00e7\u0131, ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi d\u00f6nemlerde bile resimlerini satmaz. T\u00fcrk resminin ilerlemesi i\u00e7in hayat\u0131 boyunca b\u00fcy\u00fck emek veren ressam, 20 Mart 1930\u2019da \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019da hayata veda eder.<\/p>\n
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\u0130lk ki\u015fisel sergisi, vefat\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Hoca Ali R\u0131za, kara kalem ve sulu boya tekni\u011finde ustala\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve say\u0131s\u0131 be\u015f bine ula\u015fan resim ar\u015fivi ile \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019dan Bebek\u2019e, Burgazada\u2019dan Arnavutk\u00f6y\u2019e, \u0130stanbul\u2019un semt ya\u015fam\u0131na dair eserler \u00fcretir. Hoca Ali R\u0131za, bir\u00e7ok asker k\u00f6kenli ressam gibi bir ekol haline gelen \u201casker ressam ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201dndand\u0131r. Harbiyelerde resim dersi verilmeye ba\u015flanmas\u0131 ile Hoca Ali R\u0131za gibi bir\u00e7ok asker k\u00f6kenli ressam kendini bu okullarda yeti\u015ftirme imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulur. \u0130stanbul\u2019daki \u00f6nemli sembolik mek\u00e2nlar\u0131, binalar\u0131 ve manzaralar\u0131 resmeden bu izlenimci ak\u0131m, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin eski ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan \u00f6nemli kaynaklardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Hoca Ali R\u0131za, eserlerini satmay\u0131p sevdi\u011fi insanlara hediye etti\u011fi i\u00e7in eserleri \u00e7ok da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bir araya getirilip ad\u0131na genel bir sergi a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 zor olmu\u015ftur. Ancak Hoca Ali R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n eserlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 S\u00fcleymaniye ve Ankara Mill\u00ee K\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Kendisinin \u201cK\u0131rk Ambar\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi ve i\u00e7i krokiler, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck resimler, motifler, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 notlar, be\u011fendi\u011fi s\u00f6zlerle dolu defterler ve daha pek \u00e7ok malzeme, \u00f6\u011frencisi S\u00fcheyl \u00dcnver taraf\u0131ndan S\u00fcleymaniye K\u00fct\u00fcphanesine ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u201c\u00c7all\u0131 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201c1914 Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131\u201d ya da \u201cT\u00fcrk \u0130zlenimciler\u201d; Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebinin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi s\u0131nav\u0131 kazanarak sanat e\u011fitimi almak \u00fczere Paris G\u00fczel Sanatlar Okuluna g\u00f6nderilen ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131 temsil eder. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ad\u0131 Mimar Sinan G\u00fczel Sanatlar \u00dcniversitesi olan okul, 1882\u2019de II. Abd\u00fclhamit d\u00f6neminde \u0130stanbul\u2019da kurulmu\u015f, Osmanl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u201cilk\u201d g\u00fczel sanatlar okulu olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131r. Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun son d\u00f6nem sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27495,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[3465,453,847,92],"class_list":["post-27494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-hoca-ali-riza","tag-resim","tag-ressam","tag-sanat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27494"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27494\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}