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Hititler, di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Eti uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, M.\u00d6. 1650\u2019den M.\u00d6. 1200\u2019lere kadar Anadolu\u2019da kurulan \u00f6nemli bir uygarl\u0131kt\u0131r. Kendisinden sonra gelen medeniyetlere \u00f6nemli izler b\u0131rakan Hitit halk\u0131, Hint-Avrupa dillerinin bilinen ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi olan Anadolu dilleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ait Hitit\u00e7e ve Luvice dillerini konu\u015fmu\u015f, hiyeroglif ve \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131s\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir medeniyet\u2026 Hititler, M.\u00d6. 3000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar halinde Kafkasya \u00fczerinden Anadolu\u2019ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f ve zamanla yerli halk olan Hatti n\u00fcfusu ile kayna\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tarihi kaynaklarda \u201cBin Tanr\u0131l\u0131 \u015eehir\u201d olarak s\u00f6z edilen ba\u015fkent Hattu\u015fa\u2019da saray ve tap\u0131naklar, binlerce tablet, \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar olduk\u00e7a sa\u011flam kalm\u0131\u015f olan an\u0131tsal kap\u0131lar bulunur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze uzanan bir\u00e7ok eser ve yap\u0131 olsa da ibadet alan\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda bulunan ye\u015fil ta\u015f halen gizemini korumaktad\u0131r. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zda Anadolu\u2019nun g\u00f6be\u011finden \u00e7\u0131kan, kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 ve kendisinden sonra gelen uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 hem dini hem politik hem de k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak etkileyen Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nu ve ye\u015fil ta\u015f\u0131n gizemini okuyabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
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M.\u00d6. 1200\u2019lerde M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da yap\u0131lan Kade\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r Firavunu II. Ramses ile Hitit Kral\u0131 III. Hattu\u015fili aras\u0131nda imzalanan Kade\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131, tarihteki ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 antla\u015fma olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bu antla\u015fma, ilk uluslararas\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 belge olmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y, di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Hattu\u015fa, kaz\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunan kil tablet \u00f6rne\u011fi, \u0130stanbul Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi’nde sergilenmektedir. Antla\u015fma metninin b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bir kopyas\u0131 ise New York’taki Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler binas\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Hitit uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ait kay\u0131t ve bilgiler, arkeolojik kaz\u0131lara kadar yaln\u0131zca Eski Ahit\u2019in baz\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ge\u00e7mektedir. Ancak 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda yap\u0131lan arkeolojik kaz\u0131larla Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir medeniyet in\u015fa etti\u011fi g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Frans\u0131z gezgin ve arkeolog Charles Texier, 1834\u2019te ilk Hitit kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti\u011finde bu kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcnl\u00fc tarih\u00e7i Herodot\u2019un kitaplar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en \u201cPteria\u201dya ait oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
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Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Anadolu\u2019da h\u00e2kim olan din, sanat ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc olduk\u00e7a etkilemi\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlarda an\u0131tsal eserler in\u015fa etmi\u015flerdir. Mabetler, saraylar, sosyal yap\u0131lar, kaya ve yap\u0131lara uygulad\u0131klar\u0131 kabartmalar ile Anadolu\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fcn eserler \u00fcreten Hititler, kendilerinden \u00f6nce gelen veyahut kom\u015fu topraklarda filizlenen medeniyetlerden farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, M.\u00d6. 1200\u2019lerde nedeni tam olarak bilinmese de y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli etkenlerin neden oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. Hititlerin son y\u0131llar\u0131nda tarihlenen yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar, sefalet i\u00e7inde oldu\u011fu belirtilen Anadolu\u2019ya Suriye ve M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019dan b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda tah\u0131l sevk edildi\u011fini yazmaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda Anadolu\u2019daki huzursuzluklar ve Suriye \u00fczerindeki Hitit etkisinin azalmas\u0131 da Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131nda neden ya da sonu\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n
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Gelelim gizemli ye\u015fil ta\u015f meselesine… Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun ba\u015fkenti olan Hattu\u015fa, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7orum Bo\u011fazk\u00f6y s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019da y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca \u00f6nemli bir merkez olan Hattu\u015fa, 1986\u2019da UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi\u2019ne dahil edilmi\u015ftir ve \u00f6zel koruma alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lge, \u00c7orum\u2019un g\u00fcneydo\u011fusunda bulunan Sungurlu ve Bo\u011fazkale il\u00e7esinin i\u00e7inde kalmaktad\u0131r. Hitit \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019ndan kalan ye\u015fil ta\u015f ise bu b\u00f6lgede bin y\u0131llardan beri durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Hattu\u015fa\u015f antik kentini in\u015fa eden Hititler, ta\u015f duvar konusunda ileri derecede geli\u015fmi\u015f bir toplumdur. \u0130n\u015fa ettikleri eserler ta\u015f i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi konusunda ileri seviyede olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlarken, Hattu\u015fa\u015f ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fen gizemli ye\u015fil ta\u015f, bir zamanlar ibadet i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilen \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Tap\u0131nak\u201d alan\u0131nda bulunur. Uzmanlar gizemli ta\u015f\u0131n i\u015flevi konusunda fikir birli\u011fine varamasa da baz\u0131 arkeologlar bu ta\u015f\u0131n Kade\u015f Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019ndan sonra M\u0131s\u0131r firavunu II. Ramses\u2019in bir arma\u011fan\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ancak buna dair herhangi bir kan\u0131t hen\u00fcz bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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Olduk\u00e7a p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz ve parlak olan bu ta\u015f, harika bir \u015fekilde \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131r. Bu yekpare ye\u015fil ta\u015f\u0131n kente nas\u0131l, ne zaman ve nereden geldi\u011fi hen\u00fcz yan\u0131tlanamam\u0131\u015f olsa da bu alandaki arkeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar 1907\u2019den beri ara vermeden devam etmektedir. Hattu\u015fa, t\u00fcm bu y\u00f6nleriyle pek \u00e7ok tarihi gizem i\u00e7erir. Ancak kentteki hi\u00e7bir gizem \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Tap\u0131nak\u201d b\u00f6lgesinde yer alan koyu ye\u015fil renkteki b\u00fcy\u00fck kaya par\u00e7as\u0131 kadar \u015f\u00f6hrete sahip de\u011fildir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yerel halk bu ta\u015f\u0131 dilek ta\u015f\u0131 olarak kullanmaktad\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fc hen\u00fcz bilinmezken, y\u0131lan ta\u015f\u0131 ya da ye\u015fim ta\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. B\u00f6lgenin jeolojik yap\u0131s\u0131nda bu tip ta\u015flara rastlan\u0131rken, b\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ta\u015f\u0131n tek par\u00e7a halinde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fmas\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtmaktad\u0131r. Bu antik kenti merak edenler ise surlarla \u00e7evrili 6 km\u2019lik \u00f6ren yerini ziyaret edebilir, Anadolu\u2019da k\u00f6kl\u00fc izler b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f bu medeniyete ait ye\u015fil ta\u015f\u0131, an\u0131tsal kap\u0131lar\u0131, yap\u0131 ve heykellerini g\u00f6rebilir.<\/p>\n
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[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] Hititler, di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Eti uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131, M.\u00d6. 1650\u2019den M.\u00d6. 1200\u2019lere kadar Anadolu\u2019da kurulan \u00f6nemli bir uygarl\u0131kt\u0131r. Kendisinden sonra gelen medeniyetlere \u00f6nemli izler b\u0131rakan Hitit halk\u0131, Hint-Avrupa dillerinin bilinen ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi olan Anadolu dilleri s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na ait Hitit\u00e7e ve Luvice dillerini konu\u015fmu\u015f, hiyeroglif ve \u00e7ivi yaz\u0131s\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nemli bir medeniyet\u2026 Hititler, M.\u00d6. 3000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1523,1524,1525],"class_list":["post-26449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-eti-uygarligi","tag-hitit-imparatorlugu","tag-hititler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26449","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26449"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26449\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}