[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender, as\u0131l ad\u0131yla III. Aleksandros gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck tarihi karakterlerden… Hi\u00e7bir kral\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fleyemedi\u011fi topraklar\u0131 fetheden, imparatorlu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek amac\u0131yla \u00f6mr\u00fc seferlerde ge\u00e7en zeki ve cesur \u0130skender, tarihin en ilham veren isimlerinden biri olarak pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcrde de s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcresince girdi\u011fi hi\u00e7bir muharebede yenilmeyen, kendisinden sonra gelen bir\u00e7ok komutana ve lidere ilham vermi\u015f Makedon kral\u0131n hayat\u0131 ve ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”1#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”25745″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Elde etti\u011fi ba\u015far\u0131lardan sonra ad\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender olarak an\u0131lan Antik Makedonya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 lideri, M.\u00d6. 356\u2019da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Makedonya ve Yunanistan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kalan Pella kentinde d\u00fcnyaya gelir. Babas\u0131 Kral II. Filip\u2019in bir\u00e7ok e\u015fi olsa da belki de \u0130skender\u2019in annesi Epir kral\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Olympias\u2019\u0131 \u00e7ok sevdi\u011finden \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6z bebe\u011fi \u0130skender olur. \u00c7ocuklu\u011fu lir \u00e7alarak, ata binerek, d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015f ve k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 e\u011fitimi alarak ve belki de en \u00f6nemlisi d\u00f6nemin en \u00fcnl\u00fc filozof ile tarih\u00e7ilerinden dersler g\u00f6rerek ge\u00e7er. Tam manas\u0131yla Makedon bir soylu olarak yeti\u015ftirilir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”2#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”25746″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]16 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar \u00fcnl\u00fc filozof Aristoteles taraf\u0131ndan e\u011fitilen \u0130skender\u2019in bu e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in babas\u0131 II. Filip, Aristoteles ile bir anla\u015fma yapar. O\u011flunun e\u011fitimi kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, daha \u00f6nceden ya\u011fmalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u00f6lele\u015ftirdi\u011fi; Aristoteles\u2019in memleketi olan Stagira\u2019y\u0131 tekrar \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirir ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcne g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi esirleri azat eder. Aristoteles bu anla\u015fmaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u0130skender\u2019i din, ahlak, felsefe, mant\u0131k, t\u0131p ve sanat dallar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131 bir e\u011fitimden ge\u00e7irir. Ayr\u0131ca Yunan mitolojileri konusunda da olduk\u00e7a bilgi sahibi olacak bir \u015fekilde e\u011fitilen \u0130skender, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu din e\u011fitimi ile ilerleyen y\u0131llarda kendisinde var oldu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tanr\u0131sal g\u00fcc\u00fc de hissetmeye ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”3#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”25747″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Babas\u0131n\u0131n bir suikaste u\u011fray\u0131p \u00f6lmesiyle Antik Makedonya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n taht\u0131n\u0131 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda devralan \u0130skender, \u201cYunanistan Lideri\u201d unvan\u0131 ile \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilir. Bu unvan, ileride Pers topraklar\u0131n\u0131 fethetmek i\u00e7in bir araya getirece\u011fi Yunanl\u0131lar ve ordular\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Daha tahta \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz \u00e7ok geni\u015f alana yay\u0131lan Makedonya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde isyan \u00e7\u0131kar ancak \u0130skender bu isyanlar\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131r ve ordusundan tam bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k s\u00f6z\u00fc alarak, askerlerini do\u011fu topraklar\u0131na ko\u015fulsuz bir \u015fekilde pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fckler.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”4#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”25748″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Sefere \u00e7\u0131karken g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ordusunun kadrosuna mimarlar, m\u00fchendisler, bilim insanlar\u0131, tarih\u00e7iler, saray b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131 ve medyumlar da e\u015flik eder. Anadolu\u2019nun fethinin ard\u0131ndan Hazar k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, Afganistan\u2019\u0131, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131 ve Hindistan\u2019\u0131 fetheden \u0130skender\u2019i \u00f6zellikle M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da co\u015fkuyla kar\u015f\u0131larlar ve kendisine firavunlar\u0131n geleneksel \u00e7ifte tac\u0131 hediye edilir. Kendisini Yunan tanr\u0131lar\u0131 ile bir tutan hatta baz\u0131 s\u00f6ylentilerde Zeus\u2019un o\u011flu olarak ge\u00e7en \u0130skender, hayat\u0131 boyunca “D\u00fcnyan\u0131n sonu”na ve ”B\u00fcy\u00fck D\u0131\u015f Deniz”e ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131r. Seferleri boyunca kendi ismini ta\u015f\u0131yan 20\u2019ye yak\u0131n \u015fehir ve b\u00f6lge in\u015fa eden \u0130skender\u2019in \u015fehirleri aras\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ula\u015fanlardan en \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019daki \u0130skenderiye ve Hatay\u2019daki \u0130skenderun\u2019dur.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”5#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”25749″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Babil\u2019de sulama kanallar\u0131, Basra K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde yeni kentler kurmay\u0131 planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7kili bir gecenin sonunda kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re hastal\u0131ktan kimi kaynaklara g\u00f6re de zehirlenerek M.\u00d6. 323\u2019te 32 ya\u015f\u0131nda hayata veda eder. Cenazesi alt\u0131n bir tabut ile \u0130skenderiye\u2019ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00d6lmeden \u00f6nce kendisine sorulan imparatorlu\u011fu sizden sonra kim devrals\u0131n sorusuna \u201cEn g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcn\u00fcz!\u201d diye cevap verecek kadar kendine g\u00fcvenen B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender\u2019in mezar\u0131n\u0131n yeri h\u00e2len bilinmemektedir. \u0130skender\u2019in vefat\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Antik Makedonya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6rt par\u00e7aya b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr ve her birini farkl\u0131 bir kral y\u00f6netir. Yunanistan\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6neten Cassander, B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender\u2019in annesini, e\u015fini ve tahtta hak iddia etmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u00e7ocu\u011funu katlederek, \u0130skender\u2019in soyunu tamamen ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6nemli bir Fenike kral\u0131 olan\u0131 Abdalonymos’a ait oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen kral lahdinin uzun cephesinde Makedonya Kral\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender’in Perslerle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015flara ili\u015fkin r\u00f6lyefler bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in “\u0130skender Lahdi” olarak an\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u00fcnl\u00fc lahdi Osman Hamdi Bey, 1887\u2019deki L\u00fcbnan\u2019\u0131n Sayda kentinde yap\u0131lan arkeolojik kaz\u0131larda bulur ve \u0130stanbul\u2019a getirilir. Lahidin kapa\u011f\u0131nda \u0130skender, Pers k\u0131yafetleri i\u00e7inde betimlenir ve \u0130stanbul Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi\u2019ndeki en \u00f6nemli eserlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender, as\u0131l ad\u0131yla III. Aleksandros gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck tarihi karakterlerden… Hi\u00e7bir kral\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fleyemedi\u011fi topraklar\u0131 fetheden, imparatorlu\u011funun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmek amac\u0131yla \u00f6mr\u00fc seferlerde ge\u00e7en zeki ve cesur \u0130skender, tarihin en ilham veren isimlerinden biri olarak pop\u00fcler k\u00fclt\u00fcrde de s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. H\u00fck\u00fcmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcresince girdi\u011fi hi\u00e7bir muharebede yenilmeyen, kendisinden sonra gelen bir\u00e7ok komutana ve lidere ilham […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[1416,1417,1418,1419,1420],"class_list":["post-25743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-buyuk-iskender","tag-hukumdar","tag-iii-aleksandros","tag-imparator","tag-makedon-krali"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25743\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}