[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0130talyanca \u201cBussola\u201d kelimesinden alan, \u00fczerindeki m\u0131knat\u0131s i\u011fnesiyle y\u00f6n bulmaya yarayan ve \u00e2deta \u201cy\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n icad\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlayabilece\u011fimiz pusulan\u0131n tarihi olduk\u00e7a eskiye dayan\u0131r. \u0130cad\u0131ndan \u00f6nce a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki yosunlara ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlara bakarak bulunan y\u00f6nler, pusulan\u0131n icat edilmesinden sonra daha do\u011fru ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde saptanabilir oldu. \u00dczerinde kuzey ve g\u00fcneyi i\u015faret eden bir m\u0131knat\u0131s bulunan bu kadranl\u0131 arac\u0131n tarihi hakk\u0131nda \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bilgileri sizin i\u00e7in listeledik.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”1#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24642″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Tarihe y\u00f6n veren pusulan\u0131n kim taraf\u0131ndan ve ne zaman icat edildi\u011finin tam olarak bilinememesi olduk\u00e7a \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131. Ge\u00e7mi\u015finin 2500 y\u0131l eskiye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilen pusulan\u0131n ilk ke\u015ffi, m\u0131knat\u0131s ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131n demiri \u00e7ekme \u00f6zelli\u011finin fark edilmesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”2#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24643″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re ilk manyetik pusula M\u00d6 12. y\u00fczy\u0131lda (M\u00d6 220 dolaylar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu bilgisi farkl\u0131 kaynaklar aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r) \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan bulundu. Bir ba\u015fka teoriye g\u00f6re \u00c7inlilerin ke\u015ffetti\u011fi pusula, Araplar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Avrupa\u2019ya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”3#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24644″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Pusulalar zaman i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimlere u\u011frad\u0131. Bu de\u011fi\u015fim ve geli\u015fime en b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lardan birini bilim insan\u0131 ve mucit Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) yapt\u0131. Gemicilikte kullan\u0131lan pusulalar \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapan Kelvin, yeni denizcilik pusulalar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek pusulan\u0131n patentini alan ilk ki\u015fi oldu. Hatta Osmanl\u0131 Devleti\u2019nin \u00f6nemli isimlerinden Binba\u015f\u0131 \u0130smail Rahmi taraf\u0131ndan, Kelvin\u2019in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi pusulalar\u0131n talimatnameleri Osmanl\u0131caya \u00e7evrildi ve denizcilerin kullan\u0131m\u0131na sunuldu.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”4#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24645″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]1745 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz mucit ve bilim insan\u0131 Gowin Knight ile pusula \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe u\u011frad\u0131. M\u0131knat\u0131slanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7elik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla manyetik pusulan\u0131n geli\u015fimine katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Knight, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00e7eli\u011fin uzun bir s\u00fcre m\u0131knat\u0131slanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131 bu sayede m\u0131knat\u0131s ta\u015f\u0131 yerine art\u0131k \u00e7elik ibreler kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”5#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24646″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Demir ve \u00e7eli\u011fin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle gemicilik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde manyetik pusulalar\u0131n \u015fa\u015fma oran\u0131 art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6sterdi. Bu ciddi sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in 1837 y\u0131l\u0131nda Britanya donanmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bir komisyon olu\u015fturuldu ve 1840 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6rt ibresi bulunan pusula tasarland\u0131 ancak pusulan\u0131n kim taraf\u0131ndan tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair resmi bir kaynak bulunmamakta.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”6#” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”24647″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]1970\u2019li y\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde art\u0131k modern pusulan\u0131n ilk ad\u0131mlar\u0131 at\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6ncelikli olarak ula\u015f\u0131mda ve arazi incelemesinde kullan\u0131lan pusulalar; standart plaka, aynal\u0131, askeri ver kutu olarak \u00e7e\u015fitlenir. Askeri tip pusulalar daha \u00e7ok hassas \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, standart ve aynal\u0131 pusulalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 daha geni\u015ftir. Kerteriz pusulas\u0131, asma pusula, elektromanyetik pusula, d\u00fcmenci pusulas\u0131, filika pusulas\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131l\u0131 pusula, cayroskop pusulas\u0131, kadranl\u0131 pusula ve yavru pusula, pusula \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden birka\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0130talyanca \u201cBussola\u201d kelimesinden alan, \u00fczerindeki m\u0131knat\u0131s i\u011fnesiyle y\u00f6n bulmaya yarayan ve \u00e2deta \u201cy\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n icad\u0131\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlayabilece\u011fimiz pusulan\u0131n tarihi olduk\u00e7a eskiye dayan\u0131r. \u0130cad\u0131ndan \u00f6nce a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki yosunlara ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlara bakarak bulunan y\u00f6nler, pusulan\u0131n icat edilmesinden sonra daha do\u011fru ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde saptanabilir oldu. \u00dczerinde kuzey ve g\u00fcneyi i\u015faret eden bir m\u0131knat\u0131s bulunan bu kadranl\u0131 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24641,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[3713,4612,1377,4613],"class_list":["post-24639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-guney","tag-kuzey","tag-pusula","tag-yon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24639"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24639\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}