[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Tarihte ticaret mallar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00fclkesinden ba\u015fka \u00fclkesine kilometreler a\u015farak g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilmek ancak bu yollarla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftu. Hatta bu yollar yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde sadece ticari mallar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin de ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ortak miras\u0131 olan o yollardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi\u2026[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”\u0130peklerle y\u00fckl\u00fc kervanlar\u0131n g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21049″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Tarihteki en \u00f6nemli ticaret g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 olan \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019in Xian kentiydi. Bu yol, Asya\u2019da kilometrelerce uzayan \u00e7\u00f6llerden, kum tepelerinden, birbiri ard\u0131na dizilmi\u015f da\u011flardan, sarp kayal\u0131klardan ge\u00e7erek Anadolu ve Akdeniz\u2019e ula\u015f\u0131yor, oradan da Avrupa\u2019ya \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Venedik \u015fehrine uzan\u0131yordu. Rotas\u0131 sadece karadan da de\u011fildi; \u00c7in Denizi, Hint Okyanusu, Basra K\u00f6rfezi, K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz ve Akdeniz de bu yolculu\u011fa d\u00e2hil b\u00f6lgelerdi. \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun Anadolu topraklar\u0131ndaki g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 30\u2019dan fazla \u015fehrimizden ge\u00e7iyor ve Sinop, Antalya gibi kentlerin limanlar\u0131ndan denize a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yordu. Her ne kadar ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ipek, ta\u015f\u0131nan ana \u00fcr\u00fcn ise de tekstil, ah\u015fap, metal, do\u011fal ta\u015flar gibi e\u015fyalar da ticareti yap\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131ndayd\u0131.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Baharat\u0131n g\u00f6rkemli yolculu\u011fu” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21050″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Do\u011fu \u00fclkelerindeki baharatlar Orta \u00c7a\u011f Avrupa\u2019s\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca soylular\u0131n sofralar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilirdi. Baharat Yolu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla gelen bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin hangi g\u00fczerg\u00e2h \u00fczerinden getirildi\u011fi sadece t\u00fcccarlar\u0131n bilgisi d\u00e2hilindeydi ve \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin pahal\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131n ana nedenlerinden biri de buydu. \u00dcstelik baharatlar parf\u00fcm gibi kokular \u00fcretmek, \u00e7e\u015fitli ila\u00e7lar yapmak, yiyeceklerin bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lan \u00f6nemli malzemelerdi. Deniz yolunun a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta oldu\u011fu bu g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n \u00f6nemini kaybetme nedeni, Vasco da Gama, Macellan gibi k\u00e2\u015fiflerin yeni deniz yollar\u0131 ke\u015ffederek Hindistan\u2019a ula\u015fan alternatif rotalar bulmas\u0131 oldu.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Bat\u0131dan do\u011fuya ta\u015f\u0131nan amber ” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21051″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Amber Yolu \u00fczerinden ta\u015f\u0131nan \u00fcr\u00fcn, fosille\u015fmi\u015f a\u011fa\u00e7 re\u00e7inesi olan k\u0131ymetli bir ta\u015f, yani amberdi. Bizlerin kehribar ismiyle a\u015fina oldu\u011fu bu ta\u015f ki\u015fisel s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131, dekorasyon ama\u00e7l\u0131 veya kimi rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 tedavi etmeye y\u00f6nelik olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Amberin ana kayna\u011f\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n kuzeyinde yer alan Balt\u0131k Denizi\u2019ydi ve buradan temin edilen k\u0131ymetli ta\u015flar, Tuna Nehri \u00fczerinden Karadeniz\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131narak Romal\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. Kimi tarihi kaynaklar da Amber Yolu\u2019nun M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Litvanya, Polonya, Letonya gibi \u00fclkelerde Amber Yolu\u2019nun tarihteki izlerini s\u00fcrmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Ba\u015f tac\u0131 edilen tuz yollar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21052″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Romal\u0131 askerlere maa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tuz olarak \u00f6denmesi s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan tarihi bilgilerden biridir. Eski devirlerde tuzun bu denli \u00f6nemli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni yiyecekleri uzun s\u00fcre koruyabilen, antiseptik olarak kullan\u0131labilen bir \u00fcr\u00fcn olmas\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131r.\u00a0 O devirlerde tuza eri\u015fimin kolayla\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 rotalar olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, hatta Roma yerle\u015fimleri bilhassa bu yollar\u0131n yak\u0131n\u0131na kurulmu\u015ftur. En \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc ise 242 km\u2019lik uzunlu\u011fu ile Via Salaria\u2019d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130talya s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indeki Ostia mahallesinden ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 alan Tuz Yolu, Adriyatik k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na kadar uzan\u0131r.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”M\u00fcr i\u00e7in 62 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen yolculuk” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21053″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]M\u00fcr, Arap\u00e7a k\u00f6kenli bir kelime ve Commiphora t\u00fcr\u00fcndeki a\u011fa\u00e7lardan elde edilen yap\u0131\u015fkan, kokulu re\u00e7inenin de ad\u0131. Milattan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6zellikle Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n g\u00fcney kesimlerinde bulunan m\u00fcrlerden t\u00fcts\u00fc yapmak, parf\u00fcm \u00fcretmek veya \u00f6l\u00fcleri mumyalamak i\u00e7in yararlan\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u00d6zellikle Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda cenaze t\u00f6renlerinde t\u00fcts\u00fc yakmak \u00f6nemli bir gelenekti ve bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda m\u00fcr kullanmak anlam\u0131na geliyordu. Araplar elde ettikleri m\u00fcrleri \u00f6nce M\u0131s\u0131r ve Akdeniz\u2019e oradan da Romal\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131racak bir T\u00fcts\u00fc Yolu geli\u015ftirdiler. Tarihi kaynaklarda bu yolun olduk\u00e7a aktif oldu\u011fu, tek seferde birka\u00e7 ton m\u00fcr ta\u015f\u0131nabildi\u011fi ifade ediliyor.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”Tarihi ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131n en tehlikelisi” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21054″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]\u00c7ay-At Yolu, ad\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00e7ay\u0131n ve at\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 takas edildi\u011fi bir yoldu. \u00c7in, Tibet ve Hindistan aras\u0131nda s\u00fcr\u00fclen yol toplamda 10 bin km\u2019lik bir uzunlu\u011fa sahipti, \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun 6-7 bin km. uzunlukta oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylersek \u00f6nemi daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak \u00c7in \u00e7aylar\u0131 ve Tibet atlar\u0131 yola \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ge\u00e7ilmesi gerekenler aras\u0131nda dik yama\u00e7lar\u0131yla, u\u00e7urumlar\u0131yla \u00fcnl\u00fc Hengduan Da\u011flar\u0131 da bulunuyordu. En sert k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda bile devam eden yolculukta y\u0131lda 20 bin Tibet at\u0131 ile 8 bin ton \u00e7ay ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yordu.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Tarihte ticaret mallar\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00fclkesinden ba\u015fka \u00fclkesine kilometreler a\u015farak g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilmek ancak bu yollarla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftu. Hatta bu yollar yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde sadece ticari mallar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fil, k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin de ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n ortak miras\u0131 olan o yollardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi\u2026[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row el_class=”innerItemContainer”][vc_column][eltd_section_title alignment=”left” title=”\u0130peklerle y\u00fckl\u00fc kervanlar\u0131n g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131” title_font_size=”13″][vc_single_image image=”21049″ img_size=”full” el_class=”innerImageContainer”][vc_column_text el_class=”innerText”]Tarihteki en \u00f6nemli ticaret g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 olan \u0130pek […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21048,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[598,599,600],"class_list":["post-21047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rota-doga","tag-baharat-yolu","tag-ipek-yolu","tag-ticaret-yollari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21047","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21047"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21047\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21047"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21047"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/soms.invekor.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21047"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}